Bird Harassment, Repellent, and Deterrent Techniques for Use on and Near Airports (2011) / Chapter Skim
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6 CHAPTER THREE PRINCIPLES OF AVIAN ECOLOGY AND BIOLOGY BIRD MOVEMENTS AND SPACE USE The airport environment comprises a relatively small land area in the context of bird movements and space use; thus it is likely only a small proportion of areas used for most species. Furthermore, birds likely spend only a small percentage of time in the airport environment foraging, loafing, or raising young.
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. FIGURE 2 Integrated pest management (Source: Werner and Clark 2003)
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. SENSES The primary senses of birds targeted by repellent applications include the chemical senses, vision (sight)
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However, few empirical data are available regarding conspecific avoidance behavior elicited through sound in wildlife damage research (Muller et al.
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