Foreign and Foreign-Born Engineers in the United States Infusing Talent, Raising Issues (1988) / Chapter Skim
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Issues and Findings
Issues and Findings
Pages 15-24
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From page 15... ...
Depena~en~y of Institutions on Foreign Engineers The production rate of U.S.-bon, engineers with doctorates is ~nsufficient to meet the needs for qualified engineering faculty members in the universities and the requirements of industry and government. As a result, there have been rapidly growing noncitizen and naturalized American eng peering p ~ ations in industrial organizations and, especially, in universitie=.
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From page 16... ...
engineers offers accept postdoctoral positions because other employment is unavailable until green cards are obta med. In several fields of engineering, the proportion of postdoctorates was greater than average; for example, In chemical and materials engineering, noncitizen engineers accounted for about 80 percent of the tonal postdoctoral populations.
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From page 17... ...
The question arises why the normal academic selection procedures, when applied to openings for which there are so many potential applicants, have yielded a foreign and foreign-born component in excess of 50 percent, a component that is probably increasing. The answer may be found, at led t in part, in faculty preferences for people with high analytical ability and/or particular skills in utilizing advanced instrumentation techniques and relative de-emphasis of what way be red led the art of practical ens tsarina as compared with enai , ~ ~ _ _ _ ,i, _ _ , is, _ _ , nearing science.
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From page 18... ...
applicants to engineering graduate schools constitute a clear minority in this potential student pool and, even after substantial prelimunary screcnm 7, The foreign-to-domestic ratio for qualified graduate student applications at major engineering schools is typically substantially larger than unity. Information received from selected engineering departments indicates that the ratio of noncitizen to U.S.
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From page 19... ...
students, current excess capacity in gr~uate engineering programs would be even larger, making the current marginal costs of educating foreign students relatively low. Thus, in view of substantial positive contributions that are likely to be made by these graduates through professional activities characterizing highly trained engineering populations, it is easy to conclude that the worldwide attraction of the best engineering talent to the U.S.
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From page 20... ...
The Ccmmitt^- was unable to identify ready remedial BeaEUI~6, other than perhaps continued astute screens ~ of foreign and foreign-born Graduates with close relatives in foreign lands prior to their employment in selected, relatively less sensitive areas of defense engineering. Defense industries and some federal laboratories also find it difficult, if not impossible, to engage In collaborative efforts with university departments populated by noncitizen research assistants and faculty members.
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From page 21... ...
Second, it has been stated to us that, because of their cultural backgrounds, foreign lAs may be providing dis~noentives for American students to major in engipeering disciplines; this problem could even be exacerbated for mlnority and female students because of possibly persisting cultural attitudes that contribute to ineffective cooperation with these students by selected ethnic grads. We have not seen solid evidence to sort this last supposition.
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From page 22... ...
Definite change toward international collaboration is clearly evident. In the areas of engineering and technology, the proportion of Internationally coauthored articles increased steadily frog about 13 percent in 1973 to almost 20 percent in 1982.
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From page 23... ...
visits by American engineers with colleagues in other highly developed countries were inadequate, considering that much could be learned. This opportunit~r is perhaps not appropriately appreciated, e~ially 13,r managers in industry, to must appears foreign travel arx!
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