Forestry Research A Mandate for Change (1990) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
Pages 1-8
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Major issues that society faces concerning forests are · how forests and climate affect each other, especially in the face of rapid global deforestation and forest degradation; loss of biological diversity; · growing demand for wood, wood fiber, and derivative chemical products; 1
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Although the research needs described in this report have importance for tropical as well as temperate forestry, we do not divide research into those two categories, but highlight fundamental research areas that need attention globally. Basic forestry research should provide for · understanding the basic biology and ecology of forests, developing information to sustain productivity of forests as well as protect their inherent biological diversity, · designing and implementing landscape-level and other large-scale, long-term experiments, · understanding the economic and policy-making processes that affect the fates of forests, · developing systems of forest management that simultaneously produce commodities and maintain and improve environmental values, · integrating the social component into research on forest ecosystems, which can then be applied to management practices, · developing harvesting systems that recover timber values without degrading other values, and · improving the efficiency of production and utilization of new and traditional wood products.
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Government agencies and other organizations responsible for research activities can obtain policy advice from a wide variety of sources, such as internal advisory committees at the level of agency head or at the level of division. Research organizations can also draw upon other groups for advice, groups such as the National Research Council.
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The two main sources of support for forestry research are the USDA Forest Service and McIntire-Stennis funds administered through the Cooperative State Research Service. Other federal agencies, such as those
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Forestry research conducted by industry is also on the decline, with apparently fewer than 12 companies having internal forest biology and management research programs (out of 50 or more companies with substantial forest land holdings)
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The five major research areas recommended in this report on forestry research (biology of forest organisms; ecosystem function and management; human-forest interactions; wood as a raw material; and international trade, competition, and cooperation) involve areas delineated in five of the six broad program areas in the Board on Agriculture's funding initiative (plant systems; animal systems; natural resources and environment; engineering, products, and processes; and markets, trade, and policy)
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For example, in North Carolina alone, 45 landowner associations have been able to increase timber income by $30 million through effective forestry extension efforts. The present extension forestry effort is inadequate to serve current needs, much less future ones.
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We emphasize here that both the wise use and the misuse of forests are consequences of human activity. Without a large additional increment of knowledge derived from increased forestry research to provide policy alternatives, the misuse exemplified by deforestation, destroyed productive potential, and lost biological diversity will prevail.
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