Inner-City Poverty in the United States (1990) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 7-15
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From page 7... ...
Our earlier report suggested that, at the least, poverty is an increasingly serious problem in cities. But we wanted to know more about the extent to which poverty is concentrated in particular neighborhoods and the effects of this concentration on poor people themselves.
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From page 8... ...
The exodus from central cities that is, the largest cities of standard metropolitan statistical areashas been only partially offset by in-migration, and most of those moving into large cities have been people with low incomes and minorities (Kasarda, 1988:~ble 12~. Gentrification that is, the influx of more affluent peoplehas been limited to a few neighborhoods in particular cities (Berry, 1985; Frey, 1985~.
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From page 9... ...
The social conditions in urban ghettos, including crime, dilapidated housing, drug use and drug-related violence, problems related to out-ofwedlock births, and chronic unemployment have been well documented in the popular press. Many observers believe that extreme poverty in a poor person's neighborhood and the social disorganization associated with it exacerbate the problems of poverty and make it all the more difficult for individuals and families to escape poverty.
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From page 10... ...
poor people.4 Thus, it is clearly not true that the typical poor person was a resident of an urban ghetto. Since many politicians, reporters, and members of the public seem to equate poverty with the black residents of urban ghettos, the relatively small size of this percentage deserves emphasis.
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From page 11... ...
Both poor and nonpoor people moved out of ghettos and mixed income areas, perhaps trying to escape crime and a deteriorating quality of life. The nonpoor moved out faster than the poor, however, so the group left behind was poorer.
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From page 12... ...
In other words, what are the relationships among several distinct dimensions of urban poverty: ghetto poverty, persistent poverty, and socially unacceptable behavior? Only some poor people remain poor for long periods of time; are they more or less likely than those who are poor for brief periods to live in very poor neighborhoods?
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From page 13... ...
. In Chapter 4 Christopher Jencks and Susan Mayer evaluate the leading quantitative research studies of the erects of living or growing up in a poor rather than a nonpoor neighborhood in terms of several outcomes, including crime, teenage sexual behavior, school achievement, and labor market success.
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From page 14... ...
In Critical Issues for National Urban Policy: A Reconnaissance arid Ada for Further Study. Committee on National Urban Policy, National Research Council.
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From page 15... ...
Neckerman 1986 Poverty and family structure: The widening gap between evidence and public policy issues.
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