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Pages 1-6

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From page 1...
... The results of our analyses do not necessarily indicate that living in such areas makes poor people worse off than they would be otherwise- but neither do they suggest that living under such conditions does not matter at all. FINDINGS Extent and Location of Ghetto Poverty In 1980, there were 2.4 million poor people living in ghettos~.9 percent of all U.S.
From page 2...
... The social conditions in such areas including crime, dilapidated housing, drug use and related violence, problems related to out-of-wedlock births, and chronic unemployment may simply reflect the large numbers of poor minorities who end up living there and the problems they have regardless of where they live. The increase in ghetto poverty may also be a symptom of other changes for example, the increasing residential mobility of nonpoor minorities and economic trends that adversely affect minorities with low education and skill levels who were already more likely to live in ghettos.
From page 3...
... In addition, some federal programs, such as high-rise public housing projects, have had the direct effect of concentrating poverty. After 1968, fair housing laws helped nonpoor minorities to leave ghetto areas, which also contributed to the dramatic increase in concentrated
From page 4...
... CONCLUSIONS On the basis of these findings, the committee reached four major conclusions. First, recent trends in gheno poverty are best understood for policy purposes as symptoms of broader economic and social changes For example, cross-tabular analysis in Chapter 2 of characteristics associated with different degrees of change in the concentration of poverty in different cities indicates that cities with rapid growth in concentration also experienced increases in the poverty rate, while cities with slow or negative growth in concentration simultaneously experienced reductions in poverty.
From page 5...
... The committee believes that discriminatory barriers preventing mobility to better neighborhoods should be deliberately undermined by federal policies and programs, for example, through full enforcement of fair housing, equal access, and other nondiscrimination laws and regulations, enabling people to leave ghettos if they choose through programs such as housing vouchers and fair-share housing construction throughout metropolitan areas. A strategy to enhance the mobility of ghetto residents cannot, however, solve the problem of ghetto poverty by itself.
From page 6...
... Most of the growth in concentrated poverty between 1970 and 1980 occurred through the addition of new ghettos in a few cities, and most of those were contiguous to the ghettos that existed in 1970. Because of these problems with and limitations to enhanced mobility as a strategy for reducing ghetto poverty, the committee stresses the importance of macroeconomic policies and human capital investment in proposed solutions.


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