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Nutrition During Lactation (1991) / Chapter Skim
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A Detailed Abstracts of Studies in Industrialized Societies Relating Breastfeeding with Infant and Child Mortality
Pages 249-262

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From page 249...
... . Table A-1 presents a chronological listing of the data and indicates the location of each abstract.
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From page 250...
... 1924-1929, Chicago, Ill. NR, Birmingham, England NR, Toronto, Canada 1936-1942, Liverpool, England 1941-1942, Belfast, Ireland 1943-1947, Stockholm, Sweden 1942 and 1943, Isleworth, England Table A-1 continues Bottle Mixed NAC NA 4.0- NA 10.8d 4.1- NA 14.2d 2.83 1.41 NA 27.5 9.8 2.7lf, 1.sgf, 2.49g 0.92g 35.1 2.6 1o gd 5.6 Type of Study and Abstract Providing Detailed Description Reference Correlation, Knodel and van de A-21 Walle, 1967 Mortality Thiemich and Bessau, rates, A-1 1930; reviewed in Mannheimer, 1955 Mortality Thiemich and Bessau, rates, A-1 1930; reviewed in Mannheimer, 1955 Howarth, 1905 Mortality rates, A-2 Correlation, Greenwood and A-22 Brown, 1912 Case-control, A-3 Mortality rates, A-4 3.1 Case-control, A-5 NA NA 4.6 4.59 1.55 0.89 0.65 5.62 2.52 NA 5.15 13.72d 1.34- 0.63 1.75f 0.66f 1.96 NA Newman, 1906 Armstrong, 1904 Mortality rates, A-1 Newsholme, 1906, .
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From page 251...
... 1973-1979, NA NA Postnatal Carpenter et al., 1983 Sheffield, England intervention, A-15 NR, NA NA Case-control, Arnon et al., 1982 United States A-16 aThe bases for the estimates of relative risk are shown in Abstracts A-1 through A-19. Relative risks computed for these studies represent somewhat different comparisons.
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From page 252...
... CRelative risk for breastfed infants = 1.0. GINA = Not available.
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From page 253...
... by Feeding Method Breast Bottle Mixed All causes 69.8 197.5 (2.83)
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From page 254...
... ABSTRACT A-6 Deaths/1,000 Births and Relative Risk (RR) of Mortality for Infants Aged 2 Weeks to 1 Year, by Feeding Method, Boston, 1910 Number of Infant Deaths/ 1,000 Births, by Feeding Method Cause of Mortality Breast Bottle RRb All causes 36 218 6.06 Diarrhea 9 98 12.25 aFrom Davis (1913~.
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From page 255...
... of Death, by Feeding Method and Age, Belfast, Ireland, June 1941 to June 1942a Number of Infant Deaths/1,000 Age of Births by Feeding Method Mortality, mo Breast Bottle RRb <1 7.5 103.0 13.72 1-2 5.0 38.0 7.68 2-3 3.4 43.5 12.76 3-6 5.7 43.4 7.57 6-12 7.1 36.8 5.15 aFrom Deeny and Murdock (19443. Results were estimated from authors' data.
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From page 256...
... The apparent advantage of mixed feeding lasted less than 4 months. The apparent disadvantage of bottle feeding decreased after 6 months and was gone after 9 months.
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From page 257...
... of Death for 3,684 Infants Aged 1 to 12 Months, by Feeding Method, American Indians in Canada, 1962a Deaths/1,000 Births, by Feeding Method Cause of Death Breast Bottle RRb All causes 26.6 53.8 2.03 Gastrointestinal or 3.9 32.7 8.29 respiratory disease aFrom Department of National Health and Welfare Canada (1963) , as quoted in Gerard and Tan (1978~.
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From page 258...
... ABSTRACT A-16 Feeding Methods of Infants Hospitalized with Infant Botulism, Infants with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) , and Control Infants in California (1976 to 1979)
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From page 259...
... Furthermore, the results do not imply that death rates were higher among breastfed infants: if the incidence among them was lower, the opposite could have been true. Finally, the attending clinician may have been loathe to hospitalize breastfed infants, and this also would have possibly selected for higher severity among the breastfed infants.
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From page 260...
... -.68 (16) -.70 aFrom Knodel and van de Walle (1967~.
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From page 261...
... van de Walle.
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From page 262...
... 1948. Mortality of acute infantile diarrhea at the Louisville General Hospital from 1943 to 1947.
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Key Terms

  • feeding method
  • mortality rates
  • infant death
  • breastfed infants
  • infants hospitalized

  • sudden infant
  • infants aged
  • infant mortality
  • feeding methods
  • bottle feeding

  • death rates
  • infant feeding
  • death syndrome
  • odds ratio
  • infant deaths

  • control infants
  • feeding practices
  • american civil
  • apparent disadvantage
  • lancashire mills

  • except intestinal
  • age served
  • fifth child
  • deaths plus
  • prospective study

  • conclude relationship
  • including lowered
  • study population
  • relative risks
  • late initiation


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