The Second Fifty Years Promoting Health and Preventing Disability (1992) / Chapter Skim
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Introduction
Introduction
Pages 11-21
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From page 11... ...
From the present all-time high of 32.1 years the median age is projected to rise to 36 years in the year 2000 and to 42 years in 2030. The bolus effect of the baby boom cohort is less influential after 2030, and the median age rises more slowly thereafter.
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From page 12... ...
Health promotion and disability prevention supports and encourages healthful behavior and the prevention of chronic and acute conditions through risk reduction. This approach also makes room for broader notions of disability care and prevention, departing from traditional disease model frameworks in the care of the elderly in a number of ways.
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From page 13... ...
Most risk factor research has involved either the general population, the young, or the middle-aged.738 56 There have been few systematic studies of special risks, high or low, among those aged 50 and older.9~2 In addition, there are serious shortcomings in knowledge about the mutability of behaviors aireacly classified as risks.~032 The relative lack of knowledge on risk factors for those over 50 has led to several major efforts to acquire more longitudinal cohort data. The ongoing Framingham studies33 and the longitudinal research known as the Alameda County studies are being used to
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From page 14... ...
Research designs for examining the effects of risk factors on older persons should include social epidemiological as well as medical factors.5 ~ ii 29 32 37 42 47 56 Questions such as the specific impacts of social isolation and socioeconomic status, as well as the effects of other social epidemiologic variables, on the health statuses of older persons warrant careful attention. Answers to such questions may be found in part through review and classification of the evidence on both the physiological correlates of psychosocial changes44 and the interaction between biological and behavioral risk factors.
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From page 15... ...
to guide tne Development of future interventions. This body of knowledge, however, suffers from some of the same problems that characterize risk factor research for the elderly for example, the lack of agreement about what health promotion and disability prevention means for those aged 50 and older.23 That lack reflects a relatively undeveloped conceptual base for such programs, a problem that impedes efforts to develop a systematic framework for unclerstanding.
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From page 16... ...
The first may eventually be answered by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, building on the work of the Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Exam.~3 Currently, however, the growth of the number of interventions and the mix of preventive health services continues to outpace the translation of firm research evidence into sound prevention recommendations.
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From page 17... ...
Thus, Chapters 3 through 15 examine the knowledge base of each of the following risk factors: high blood pressure, medication use, specific infectious diseases, osteoporosis, sensory deprivation, oral health problems, screening for cancer, nutrition, smoking, cle
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Interventions to prevent, detect, treat, or modify the effect of these risk factors on the health and functional independence of older people are discussed, and the effectiveness of these interventions is examined both for the entire population above age 50, and for specific subgroups of that population. Based on these reviews, specific recommendations are proposed for individuals, providers, advocacy groups, policymakers, and third-party payers.
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From page 19... ...
Risk Factor Update Project: Final Report {under Contract USPHS 200-80-0527~. Atlanta, Gal, February 1982.
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B., and Gordon, T Cardiovascular risk factors in the aged: The Framingham study.
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From page 21... ...
D Preventive health services for the elderly: The Rutgers Medical School project.
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