In the Mind's Eye Enhancing Human Performance (1991) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 12-20
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From page 12... ...
2Findings and Conclusions In this chapter we present key findings and conclusions for each of the topics investigated. Each conclusion derives from a review and evaluation of literature on that topic.
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Measuring Learning and Performance Two important dimensions of posttraining performance are the ability to resist forgetting and interference over periods of disuse of a given skill and the ability to generalize training to contexts and tasks that differ in their surface characteristics from the training contexts or tasks. Depending on the relative priorities given to those two dimensions of posttraining performance, the optimal package of training components will differ somewhat.
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retrainees are also different in kind from those of new trainees; relatively efficient, cost-effective techniques can be used to maintain a given level of original learning in retrainees. Transfer of Training In general, the similarity of goals and cognitive processing between training and transfer tasks is a critical factor in enhancing transfer.
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counseling techniques, which include self-assessment instruments, the decisions to use them are rarely based on research results attesting to their effectiveness. The committee recommends that such decisions be made within the context of a planned, systematic, and organization-wide approach to career development, for the Army as well as any other large, complex organization.
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Some experiments have found that some commercially available self-help audiotapes contain masked messages that are both subjectively imperceptible and objectively undetectable; as such, these tapes do not meet the minimum stimulus condition for demonstrating subliminal perception. Although some self-help audiotapes now available on the marketplace may satisfy this minimum condition, the responsibility for identifying those products should rest, at least initially, with their proponents.
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The assertion that the proper application of Kundalini Yoga can help develop "the soldier-saint" in whom is instilled the desire and superhuman ability to excel in the art of war is not supported by scientific evidence. Managing Pain Research on pain control suggests that people can be taught nonpharmacological ways to cope with physical pain.
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Techniques developed for laboratory research are useful in studying deception. They provide a structured and systematic approach to analysis germane to detecting deception in a variety of situations.
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person cannot physically practice, then the small effects due to mental practice can be useful for facilitating performance and for better retention. Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions The effects of cognitive-behavioral interventions -- such as relaxation, imagery, mental preparation strategies, skill modeling, and direct attempts to alter cognition -- are small to moderate.
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From page 20... ...
a mainstay in social psychology, is not now a major focus of the work. Moreover, most of these studies are of unstratified groups, making them less relevant for real-world problems involving stratified groups and command structures.
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