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Tanker Spills Prevention by Design (1991) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix B: Structural Design of Tankers
Pages 208-214

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From page 208...
... They can be broken down into the following components: Internal/External Liquid Pressure Differential The liquid pressure differential for any combination of internal/external liquid levels, with the ship on even keel or in rolled position such as: _ .
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From page 209...
... resulting from the distribution of cargo, ship weight and buoyancy along the length of the vessel, in still water and wave. ,~, STILL WATER SAGGING OR HOGGING WAVE SAGGING WAVE HOGGING Slamming The impact loads on the flat bottom forward due to pitching as shown below: *
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From page 210...
... ,:~ Liquid Cargo Sloshing / In partially filled tanks, the sloshing and impact loads of liquid cargo on bulkhead, shell and deck tank boundaries, resulting from the inertial reactions between the accelerated mass of the liquid and the ship structure when the ship is rolling and pitching in a seaway can be very large. These loads vary with the number of swash bulkheads and level of liquid in the tank.
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From page 211...
... Dynamic loads on tank boundaries due to rolling and pitching. ENGINEERING ANALYSIS As an alternative to using rule equations, the classification society rules permit use of scantlings obtained by systematic analysis based on sound engineering principles, provided they meet the overall safety and strength standards predicated by the rules.
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From page 212...
... Ship Motion The next step in the analysis is to calculate the vertical, lateral and torsional dynamic components of the hull girder bending moments, as well as the motions, point accelerations and pressure distribution along the vessel's length. A computer program based on two-dimensional, six-degree of freedom strip-theory, is used to calculate motions and loads for the vessel in arbitrary headings in long and short crested seas, combined with probabilistic considerations of statistical wave data normally measured in the North Atlantic.
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From page 213...
... STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF TANKERS 213 Ad\ FIGURE B-2 longitudinal. _ _ 3-D local FEM analysis of typical bracket connection to side shell
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From page 214...
... Sloshing Analysis This analysis is used to determine the dynamic loads on the tank boundaries from the motion of the fluid within the tank due to ship movements in a seaway. Thermal Stress Analysis This analysis provides the distortions and stresses in the hull structure induced by non-linear temperature differentials in vessels carrying hot cargoes.
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Key Terms

  • fine mesh
  • swash bulkheads
  • bending moment
  • fem analysis
  • ship structure

  • liquid cargo
  • girder bending
  • tank boundaries
  • impact loads
  • sloshing pressure

  • temperature differentials
  • shear forces
  • structure induced
  • cargo sloshing
  • shell longitudinal

  • carrying hot
  • girder longitudinal
  • rule equations
  • engineering analysis
  • hot cargoes

  • cargo weight
  • mesh models
  • computer program
  • ship weight
  • mesh fem

  • dynamic components
  • dynamic loads
  • vessels carrying
  • rolled position
  • effective inspection


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