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From page 245... ... allocations for, 82-83, 84 award rates at, 97 budgeting for, 76 extramural programs at, 81, 87-92 formation of, 37-38 functions of, 80 81 funding by, 34, 37~0 number of grants by, 2-3, 26-27 peer review at, 92-100 priority setting at, 69-72, 92-100 structure of, 79 80, 81 training sponsored by, 131, 132, 133 Allocations, see Resource allocations Amortization, 19, 197 Animals costs of, 111-112, 196 handling of, 28 Appropriations committees, congressional, 75-76 Authorizing committees, congressional, 73-74 Awards, see Granters) Read the entire page →
From page 246... ... , 40-42 Clinical investigators, recruitment of, 13-14, 186, 187 Clinical training, 128 Co-investigators, 104 College Construction Loan Insurance Corporation, 156 INDEX College(s) , see Undergraduates; Universities Communication, improved, 20-22, 20~206 Competing awards, 91-92 Concurrent Resolution, 74-75 Conduct, 207 Conference Report, 75, 76 Congress advice to, 67-69 budget cycle of, 205 in budget process, 73-77 and federal construction programs, 151 NIH funding by, 37 and research funding, 163 on science education and training, 121-122, 129-130 on scientific advice to President, 64-65 scientific decisions by, 28 Congressional aides, 67-68 Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Read the entire page →
From page 247... ... , 53, 57 Education, see Training Emergency fund, 1~17, 192-193 Equipment adequacy and suitability of, 139-140, 14~148 cost of, 100 deteriorating condition of, 28 federal funds for, 153, 154 obsolescence of, 198 247 recommendations for, 18-19, 170-171, 196-199 sharing of, 22, 199, 205-206 sources of support for, 148-158 Ethical standards, 207 European Economic Community, 28 Expedited Awards for Novel Research, 16, 192 "Extended duration of awards" policy, 167-168 Extramural programs, 81 allocations for, 82 applicant trends for, 100 101 application time line for, 93 award rates for, 95-98 competing and noncompeting grants for, 91-92 costs of animal use in, 111-112 downward negotiation of, 89-90 duration of grants for, 91 grant size for, 99-100 indirect cost recovery for, 112-113 investigator turnover in, 101-103 multiple awards for, 90, 103-104 National Advisory Councils for, 9~99 priority scores for, So, 92-95 R&D centers, 106 108 R&D contracts, 104-106 R&D grants, 87-92 research administration, 109-111 stabilization policy for, 87-90 F Facilities adequacy and suitability of, 139, 141-146 decentralization of, 35-36 deteriorating condition of, 28 federal grant programs for, 151-154, 159, 19~197 indirect cost of, 18-19, 197-199 objectives of plan for, 159-160 obsolescence of, 198 Read the entire page →
From page 248... ... as model for genome coordination panel, 48 structure of, 67 Subcommittee for Health Sciences, 2~21, 200 202 Federal Demonstration Project (FDP) , 17, 10~110, 193-194 Federal research funding basic principles of, 25-26 by Centers for Disease Control, 4~42 by Department of Defense, 47-48 by Department of Energy, 48 by Department of Veterans Affairs, 43-44 by Health Care Financing Administration, 46 history of, 32-35 by National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 46 by National Science Foundation, 44 16 by NIH and ADAMHA, 36-40 by Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health, 42-43 research community perceptions of, 164-165 Federal Technology Transfer Act (P.L. Read the entire page →
From page 249... ... recovery history of, 112-113 mechanisms of, 15~155 recommendations on, 18-19, 197-199 Industry funding of facilities by, 158 research funding by, 32-33, 49-54 support of postdoctoral fellows by, 135 Inflation, 38 Initial Review Group (IRG) , 9~95 Innovative projects, 16, 22, 192 Institute of Medicine (IOM) Read the entire page →
From page 250... ... , 133, 187 Medical students financial support of, 129 training of, 12~127 Merit review panels, 36 Method to Extend Research in Time (MERIT, 103 Minorities career opportunities for, 13, 18~185 in doctoral programs, 123-124 INDEX NIH support of, 134 undergraduate training for, 122 Minority Access to Research Careers (MARC) Honors Program, 122, 134, 184 Misconduct, 207 Monsanto Corporation, 54 Multiple awards, 90, 10~104, 193 N National Academy of Engineering, 69 National Academy of Sciences, 6~69 National Advisory Councils, 71-72, 98-99, 174 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Read the entire page →
From page 251... ... , 41~2 National Institutes of Health (NIH) allocations for, 81-82 applicant trends at, 100 101, 102 award rates at, 95-98 budgeting for, 75-77 construction program of, 140, 151-152, 153-154 direct operations of, 8~92 Division of Research Grants of, 37 extramural programs at, 81, 87-92 funding by, 34, 36~ grant size for, 99-100 institute planning by, 71-72 intramural research at, 85~7 investigator turnover at, 101-103 multiple awards by, 103-104 National Advisory Councils and, 98-99 number of grants by, 2-3, 26-27, 92 Office of the Director of, 70 peer review at, 92-100 priority setting at, 69-72, 92-100 R&D centers supported by, 106-109 R&D contracts by, 10~106 R&D grants by, 87-92 structure of, 79, 80 structure of typical institute of, 71 training sponsored by, 13~134 National Libraty of Medicine (NLM) Read the entire page →
From page 252... ... , 21, 66-67, 201 President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC) , 64, 153 Prevention research, 204 Principal investigators age of, 104 multiple awards to, 103-104 turnover of, 101-103 Priority ranking, 95 Priority scores, 90, 92-95, 98 Priority setting, 62 and award rates, 95-98 congressional advice and, 67~9 among fields of discipline, 204-205 framework for, 6-7 levels of, 173 National Advisory Councils in, 9~99 within NIHIADAMHA, 69-72 by peer review, 92-100 presidential advice and, 64467 priority scores in, 92-95 recommendations for integration of, 199-200 schematic diagram of, 63 Professional doctorates, 126 127, 133, 187, see also Physician-scientists Program project grants, 99, 166 Proprietary information, 54 Public health careers, recruitment for, 13-14 Public Health Service (PHS) Read the entire page →
From page 253... ... , 183 Research funding by ADAMHA, 37-40 amount of health-related, 32, 33 broad-based system for, 162 by Centers for Disease Control, 40 42 conclusions on, 16~169, 174-182 Congress and, 163 by Department of Defense, 47-48 by Department of Energy, 48 by Department of Veterans Affairs, 43 44 general guideline for, 172-174 by Health Care Financing Administration, 46 history of, 32-35, 165-168 by industry, 49-54 by National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 46 by National Science Foundation, 44 `16 by NIH, 36~0 by nonprofit organizations, 54-59 by Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health, 42~3 2S3 patterns and policies of federal, 163-164 physical infrastructure and, 162-163 research community perception of, 164 165 sources of, 32, 33 Research institutions, 15~157, 19~195 Research management Biomedical Research Support Grant and, 17-18,110-111,177, 195 discretionary fund for, 1~17, 192-193 establishing ongoing process for, 20-22, 199-206 Federal Demonstration Project and, 17, 109-110, 193-194 FCCSET in, 2~21, 20~202 GUIRR in, 21-22, 110, 157, 202-204 shared resources in, 22, 199, 205-206 Research project grant (RPG) awards investigator-initiated, see RO1 grants recommendations for, 188 192 size of, 99-100 stabilization policy and, 113, 166 and training, 136, 175 Resource allocations capital investment and life expectancy related to, 5 for NIH and ADAMHA, 81-83, 84 past policy decisions for, 165-168 recommendations for, 7-12, 17~182 Responsibilities, of scientists, 2~24, 206 207 Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program, 127, 135 Rollover funding, 15, 18~190 RO1 grants applicant trends for, 100-101, 102 multiple, 103-104 in NIH program, 87 size of, 99 sliding-scale funding of, 19~192 stabilization policy and, 113, 166 Read the entire page →
From page 254... ... Directorate, 121, 129, 183 Science Development Grants Program, 153 Science Facilities Program, 152-153 Scientific doctorates, 122-126 Scientists, responsibilities of, 2~24, 206 207 Seaborg Report, 153 Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources, 73-74 Senate Report, 75 Senate Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, 75 Shared resources, 22, 199, 205-206 Short-term needs, 5-6, 172-173 Sliding-scale funding, 15-16, 190-192 Small Business Innovation Development Act (1982) , 39 Small Business Patent and Procedure Act (P.L. Read the entire page →
From page 255... ... , 47-48 Universities earmarking funds for, 153-154 industry and research at, 49, 53, 54 University Sciences Development Program, 153 V Veterans Administration (VA) , 43~4 Voluntary health agencies facilities and equipment funding by, 157 funding of training by, 135 255 innovative projects funding by, 22 recommendations for, 206 research funding by, 54-55, 57-58 W Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, 85 Washington University, 54 White House Science Council (~SC) Read the entire page →

From page 245...

... allocations for, 82-83, 84 award rates at, 97 budgeting for, 76 extramural programs at, 81, 87-92 formation of, 37-38 functions of, 80 81 funding by, 34, 37~0 number of grants by, 2-3, 26-27 peer review at, 92-100 priority setting at, 69-72, 92-100 structure of, 79 80, 81 training sponsored by, 131, 132, 133 Allocations, see Resource allocations Amortization, 19, 197 Animals costs of, 111-112, 196 handling of, 28 Appropriations committees, congressional, 75-76 Authorizing committees, congressional, 73-74 Awards, see Granters)

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From page 246...

... , 40-42 Clinical investigators, recruitment of, 13-14, 186, 187 Clinical training, 128 Co-investigators, 104 College Construction Loan Insurance Corporation, 156 INDEX College(s) , see Undergraduates; Universities Communication, improved, 20-22, 20~206 Competing awards, 91-92 Concurrent Resolution, 74-75 Conduct, 207 Conference Report, 75, 76 Congress advice to, 67-69 budget cycle of, 205 in budget process, 73-77 and federal construction programs, 151 NIH funding by, 37 and research funding, 163 on science education and training, 121-122, 129-130 on scientific advice to President, 64-65 scientific decisions by, 28 Congressional aides, 67-68 Congressional Budget Office (CBO)

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From page 247...

... , 53, 57 Education, see Training Emergency fund, 1~17, 192-193 Equipment adequacy and suitability of, 139-140, 14~148 cost of, 100 deteriorating condition of, 28 federal funds for, 153, 154 obsolescence of, 198 247 recommendations for, 18-19, 170-171, 196-199 sharing of, 22, 199, 205-206 sources of support for, 148-158 Ethical standards, 207 European Economic Community, 28 Expedited Awards for Novel Research, 16, 192 "Extended duration of awards" policy, 167-168 Extramural programs, 81 allocations for, 82 applicant trends for, 100 101 application time line for, 93 award rates for, 95-98 competing and noncompeting grants for, 91-92 costs of animal use in, 111-112 downward negotiation of, 89-90 duration of grants for, 91 grant size for, 99-100 indirect cost recovery for, 112-113 investigator turnover in, 101-103 multiple awards for, 90, 103-104 National Advisory Councils for, 9~99 priority scores for, So, 92-95 R&D centers, 106 108 R&D contracts, 104-106 R&D grants, 87-92 research administration, 109-111 stabilization policy for, 87-90 F Facilities adequacy and suitability of, 139, 141-146 decentralization of, 35-36 deteriorating condition of, 28 federal grant programs for, 151-154, 159, 19~197 indirect cost of, 18-19, 197-199 objectives of plan for, 159-160 obsolescence of, 198

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From page 248...

... as model for genome coordination panel, 48 structure of, 67 Subcommittee for Health Sciences, 2~21, 200 202 Federal Demonstration Project (FDP) , 17, 10~110, 193-194 Federal research funding basic principles of, 25-26 by Centers for Disease Control, 4~42 by Department of Defense, 47-48 by Department of Energy, 48 by Department of Veterans Affairs, 43-44 by Health Care Financing Administration, 46 history of, 32-35 by National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 46 by National Science Foundation, 44 16 by NIH and ADAMHA, 36-40 by Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health, 42-43 research community perceptions of, 164-165 Federal Technology Transfer Act (P.L.

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From page 249...

... recovery history of, 112-113 mechanisms of, 15~155 recommendations on, 18-19, 197-199 Industry funding of facilities by, 158 research funding by, 32-33, 49-54 support of postdoctoral fellows by, 135 Inflation, 38 Initial Review Group (IRG) , 9~95 Innovative projects, 16, 22, 192 Institute of Medicine (IOM)

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From page 250...

... , 133, 187 Medical students financial support of, 129 training of, 12~127 Merit review panels, 36 Method to Extend Research in Time (MERIT, 103 Minorities career opportunities for, 13, 18~185 in doctoral programs, 123-124 INDEX NIH support of, 134 undergraduate training for, 122 Minority Access to Research Careers (MARC) Honors Program, 122, 134, 184 Misconduct, 207 Monsanto Corporation, 54 Multiple awards, 90, 10~104, 193 N National Academy of Engineering, 69 National Academy of Sciences, 6~69 National Advisory Councils, 71-72, 98-99, 174 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

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From page 251...

... , 41~2 National Institutes of Health (NIH) allocations for, 81-82 applicant trends at, 100 101, 102 award rates at, 95-98 budgeting for, 75-77 construction program of, 140, 151-152, 153-154 direct operations of, 8~92 Division of Research Grants of, 37 extramural programs at, 81, 87-92 funding by, 34, 36~ grant size for, 99-100 institute planning by, 71-72 intramural research at, 85~7 investigator turnover at, 101-103 multiple awards by, 103-104 National Advisory Councils and, 98-99 number of grants by, 2-3, 26-27, 92 Office of the Director of, 70 peer review at, 92-100 priority setting at, 69-72, 92-100 R&D centers supported by, 106-109 R&D contracts by, 10~106 R&D grants by, 87-92 structure of, 79, 80 structure of typical institute of, 71 training sponsored by, 13~134 National Libraty of Medicine (NLM)

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From page 252...

... , 21, 66-67, 201 President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC) , 64, 153 Prevention research, 204 Principal investigators age of, 104 multiple awards to, 103-104 turnover of, 101-103 Priority ranking, 95 Priority scores, 90, 92-95, 98 Priority setting, 62 and award rates, 95-98 congressional advice and, 67~9 among fields of discipline, 204-205 framework for, 6-7 levels of, 173 National Advisory Councils in, 9~99 within NIHIADAMHA, 69-72 by peer review, 92-100 presidential advice and, 64467 priority scores in, 92-95 recommendations for integration of, 199-200 schematic diagram of, 63 Professional doctorates, 126 127, 133, 187, see also Physician-scientists Program project grants, 99, 166 Proprietary information, 54 Public health careers, recruitment for, 13-14 Public Health Service (PHS)

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From page 253...

... , 183 Research funding by ADAMHA, 37-40 amount of health-related, 32, 33 broad-based system for, 162 by Centers for Disease Control, 40 42 conclusions on, 16~169, 174-182 Congress and, 163 by Department of Defense, 47-48 by Department of Energy, 48 by Department of Veterans Affairs, 43 44 general guideline for, 172-174 by Health Care Financing Administration, 46 history of, 32-35, 165-168 by industry, 49-54 by National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 46 by National Science Foundation, 44 `16 by NIH, 36~0 by nonprofit organizations, 54-59 by Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health, 42~3 2S3 patterns and policies of federal, 163-164 physical infrastructure and, 162-163 research community perception of, 164 165 sources of, 32, 33 Research institutions, 15~157, 19~195 Research management Biomedical Research Support Grant and, 17-18,110-111,177, 195 discretionary fund for, 1~17, 192-193 establishing ongoing process for, 20-22, 199-206 Federal Demonstration Project and, 17, 109-110, 193-194 FCCSET in, 2~21, 20~202 GUIRR in, 21-22, 110, 157, 202-204 shared resources in, 22, 199, 205-206 Research project grant (RPG) awards investigator-initiated, see RO1 grants recommendations for, 188 192 size of, 99-100 stabilization policy and, 113, 166 and training, 136, 175 Resource allocations capital investment and life expectancy related to, 5 for NIH and ADAMHA, 81-83, 84 past policy decisions for, 165-168 recommendations for, 7-12, 17~182 Responsibilities, of scientists, 2~24, 206 207 Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program, 127, 135 Rollover funding, 15, 18~190 RO1 grants applicant trends for, 100-101, 102 multiple, 103-104 in NIH program, 87 size of, 99 sliding-scale funding of, 19~192 stabilization policy and, 113, 166

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From page 254...

... Directorate, 121, 129, 183 Science Development Grants Program, 153 Science Facilities Program, 152-153 Scientific doctorates, 122-126 Scientists, responsibilities of, 2~24, 206 207 Seaborg Report, 153 Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources, 73-74 Senate Report, 75 Senate Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, 75 Shared resources, 22, 199, 205-206 Short-term needs, 5-6, 172-173 Sliding-scale funding, 15-16, 190-192 Small Business Innovation Development Act (1982) , 39 Small Business Patent and Procedure Act (P.L.

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From page 255...

... , 47-48 Universities earmarking funds for, 153-154 industry and research at, 49, 53, 54 University Sciences Development Program, 153 V Veterans Administration (VA) , 43~4 Voluntary health agencies facilities and equipment funding by, 157 funding of training by, 135 255 innovative projects funding by, 22 recommendations for, 206 research funding by, 54-55, 57-58 W Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, 85 Washington University, 54 White House Science Council (~SC)

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Index Pages 245-256

Index
Pages 245-256