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Groundwater Contamination (1984) / Chapter Skim
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9. Nonpoint Contamination of Groundwater on Long Island, New York
Pages 120-126

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From page 120...
... Fresh groundwater stored in unconsolidated sand aquifers underlies virtually the entire island. Kings and part of Queens Counties are supplied with water by sources outside the island, but the remainder of the island relies on this groundwater reservoir.
From page 121...
... ,.,1 1 1 1 1 MILES ,~ falling on the island, about half of which percolates through a fairly permeable surface to the water table. Under natural conditions, the reservoir of freshwater underlying the island moves from the water table downward and outward through the reservoir to discharge around the periphery of the island by streams, by subsurface flow into bays and saltwater bodies surrounding the island, and by evaporation.
From page 122...
... The water table in Kings County was below sea level in 1936 virtually throughout the county and dropped to as much as 35 ft below sea level in the northern part of the county (Lusczynski, 1952~. Groundwater encroachment in previous freshwater environments resulted in chloride and TDS content sufficient to render them unpotable.
From page 123...
... Laterally, in the upper glacial aquifer, concentrations of nitrate exceed 10 mg/L in widespread areas of Nassau County. Nitrate contamination follows the regional flow of groundwater in the system and, in the Magothy aquifer, extends about halfway between the central part of the island and the south shore.
From page 124...
... Tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,2-trichloroethylene, chloroform, 1, 1,1-trichloroethane, and carbon tetrachloride were the most commonly found constituents in Long Island water (Kim and Stone, 1980~. In 1980, 13 public supply wells screened in the upper glacial and Magothy aquifers in southeastern Queens County contained SOC; 6 of the 13 were closed.
From page 125...
... In an area where people live on the recharge areas of their water supply it may be impractical to avoid contamination of that supply. Even though the recharge and discharge relations of the groundwater were understood previous to the major development of Nassau and Suffolk Counties, systems of disposal, land use, and pumpage practices were employed that led to the degradation of the water.
From page 126...
... . Groundwater Quality near the Water Table in Suffolk County, Long Island, New York, Suffolk County Department of Environmental Control, Long Island Water Resources Bulletin LIWR8, 33 pp.


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