Mitigating Losses from Land Subsidence in the United States (1991) / Chapter Skim
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3. Findings
3. Findings
Pages 45-52
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From page 45... ...
Our greatest concern is that efforts to reduce-the federal deficit, which have jeopardized the small but effective subsidence research programs disseminated throughout the federal government, will halt scientific and technical progress at the federal level. Data and research results from these federal programs historically have complemented state and local efforts by establishing much of the technical basis for the recognition A subsidence potential, as well as its prevention or mitigation.
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From page 46... ...
Findings To improve our predictive capability of subsidence, the following research needs were identified: · Mining- monitoring of the extent of subsidence and subsurface deformation in coal fields to provide data for the development of predictive models for subsurface conditions peculiar to the United States · Sinkholes remote sensing and geophysical methods to identify subsurface voids and provide better understanding of triggering factors
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From page 47... ...
Geological Survey for underground fluid withdrawal, natural compaction, sinkholes, and geologic aspects of mining; the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation for hydrocompaction; and the Agricultural Research Service for organic soils.
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From page 48... ...
The appropriate role of the federal government is to provide national coordination and information, provide technical assistance to state and local governments, and fund research on mitigation techniques. Regulation of Resource Development Introduction When development of natural resources causes subsidence, governments sometimes find it necessary to exercise their power either to prohibit the resource development or to control it in ways that minimize subsidence damage.
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From page 49... ...
Land-Use Management and Construction Codes Introduction Land-use management in the United States is primarily the responsibility of state and local governments operating within the constraints of state enabling legislation. The federal role is limited to the collection and dissemination of information, although the federal government may require land-use regulation as a condition of participation in a federal program, as in the case of flood insurance.
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From page 50... ...
The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 requires mine operators to reimburse surface owners for damage in some cases, and a tax on groundwater in the Santa Clara Valley eliminates the cost advantage of groundwater over surface water. Subsidence costs are also internalized through litigation by parties suffering damage and by payments negotiated by resource extractors facing possible litigation.
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From page 51... ...
Geological Survey Finding 2. state insurance administrators, property insurance companies doing business in each affected state, and appropriate staff of state legislatures Finding 3.
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