The Children of Atomic Bomb Survivors A Genetic Study (1991) / Chapter Skim
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Mortality Among the Offspring (F1) of Atomic Bomb Survivors, 1946-1985
Mortality Among the Offspring (F1) of Atomic Bomb Survivors, 1946-1985
Pages 401-430
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From page 403... ...
For fatal cancer, in confirmation of an earlier report on cancer incidence below the age of 20 in this same group, again no statistically significant effect was observed as parental radiation dose increased. Finally, although the present method of analysis using Poisson regression and person-years at risk of death seems more appropriate now, particularly as the cohort age~since earlier analyses of mortalityin the F1 cohort have been based on a simple linearregression of the frequency of death on parental dose this model was also fitted to the data used in the relal ive risk estimate to provide some continuity with the past.
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From page 404... ...
The principal sources of such evidence are the cohorts of children torn to survivors of the atomic bombings (A-bombings) of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, who for some 40 years have been the subjects of an investigation into the possible genetic effects attributable to the exposure of human populations to · · ~ ~ .
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From page 405... ...
Through examining the pertinentfamily registers, the original study sample was subsequently enlarged to include births between 1959 and 1984 to parents in the three originaIgroups proximally exposed, distally exposed, or NIC described above, and to parents who would have qualified for inclusion in these groups had they been old enough to have had children prior to 1959 (this addition is known as the Fit mortality sample extension [F~-Ext] , and consists of 21,699 subjects, see Table 1~.
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From page 406... ...
Dosimetry The estimated parental doses used in the present study are based on the revised dosimetry system known as the DSS6.~7 At present, combined (i.e., joint) parental gonadal doses based on this system have been assigned for 67,586 (94%)
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From page 407... ...
The mean combined parental gonadal dose equivalents are shown in Table 2. In the >0.01 Sv dose group, the combined parental gonadal dose equivalent averages 0.405 Sv (0.047 Sv of neutron and 0.358 Sv of gamma)
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From page 408... ...
e~ ~ ,~e I; ~ ~ ~ E t~ ~ ~ ~ ~ , ~ ~ y Z CD CO _d oo CO 0 C53 c ~ c ~cO N C~ O O eo o o CO o o o o o o O0 _~ CD C~ O {D ~ O ~ r~ 0 0 CD ~ C ~ O0 0 ~{D O ~_I O O O THE CHILDREN OF ATOMIC BOMB SURVIVORS .
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From page 409... ...
for parity. Although there is no simple relationship between these two variables and parental dose, the statistical significance apparently results primarily from a higher frequency of immature infants (with birth weights of <2.5 kg)
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From page 410... ...
= ,co ~ ,~^-a =: ~ ~ 3~E ~ .~ ·q im~ ~ ~a~ ~ ~ om aS ~ o ~= ~ ~ i~a ~ C: a.= 3 3-= o~ <=,~ ~ Cx, ~ ~ ~ X g L ~ S s 83~ THE CHILDREN OF ATOMIC BOMB SURVIVORS 410
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From page 411... ...
The neutron component of the radiation has been assigned a relative biological effectiveness of 20. For the homogeneity test of birth weight among parental gonadal dose groups, x2 = 27.07, df = 15, p = .03.
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From page 412... ...
for all diseases except neoplasms and cancer by six parental dose categories were based on the person-years and were indirectly standardized to adjust for city, sex, year of birth, and attained age using the total sample as a standard. Excess relative risk per sievert of combined parental gonadal dose was evaluated using an additive relative risk mode]
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From page 415... ...
Finally, although the present method of analysis using Poisson regression and person-years at risk of death seems more appropriate, particularly as the cohort ages- since earlier analyses of mortality in the Fat cohort have been based on a simple linear regression of the frequency of death on parental dosed we have undertaken a similar analysis here to provide continuity with the past and insight into the dependence of the results on the method of analysis chosen. Results All causes of death and survival rates In Table 4, we have shown the survival rates at 1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 years of age by different birth years: 1946-50, 1951-58, 1959~9, and 197~84.
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From page 416... ...
~ ~ ., ~ 0 be ~ O ~ ~ _ Cal ~ ~ ~ 5 L 0i~V z=.y 03 _E $ O ~ ~ He a, O E E E ,,, 8 00 il=6 'P YOU Coo ,, "a U a =~( THE CHILDREN OF ATOMIC BOMB SURVIVORS _ 416
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From page 417... ...
. Based on an additive relative risk mode} in the Poisson regression analysis, the excess relative risks per sievert of combine~parental gonadal dose for all diseases except neoplasms and for cancer are shown in Table 9.
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From page 418... ...
16 11 · ~ oo o V Q V U: o 11 _ _ 0 sq o ~2 x · ~ ~Q o l ~q o · ~ O :Z THE CHILDREN OF ATOMIC BOMB SURVIVORS 418
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From page 420... ...
RERF JR 1-91 ·5 V CD 0 CJ ~s bD P ,o o o o U: C~ ~1 o ~ C~ 1 =& o o o ~ - -I ~ ~. o o I ~ o o o o 1_ _ o o o ·COCO CO ~ CD ~ C ~CO 0 ~4 0 o~ oo a~ oo ~ ~ ~ ~ o ~ o ~o o o o oooo o o o o _ _ C~ _ ~ _ CD ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ CO ~ ~CD ~ C~ O _ _ ~ ~ eo ~n co ~ 0 C~ U: ~ eo C ~l.~:~ o U' ~ _ CO ~ o ~ ~ CO ~ CO e~ ~ ~ o ~ _~ U: _ _ U: 43)
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From page 422... ...
of ERR(Sv) Test deaths for combined parental p value gonadal dose All diseases except neoplasms All ages2,766 0.030(0.046)
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From page 423... ...
There is no significant increase in the relative risk of mortality from all diseases except neoplasms or from cancer as combined parental gonadal dose increases. Parenthetically, fitting the simple linear mode]
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From page 425... ...
Cause of death Number ERR (Sv3 Number . At risk All diseases except neoplasms All ages Age < 20 67,586 2766 2609 for combined parental gonadal dose Q.030 (0.046)
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From page 426... ...
To assess the role of factors other than parental exposure, we have examined the influence of birth weight and parity on mortality (see Table 8~. These two factors may be related to socioeconomic status or the age of A-bomb survivors, and an infant's birth weight could be a more important factor in early mortality than parental gonadal dose.
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From page 427... ...
including leukemia in the first two decades of life, based on cancer incidence and the use of tumor registry data, and no statistically significant increase in cancer risk was observed as parental gonadal dose increase. In a cancer incidence study it is impossible to systematically identif y cancers occurring in people who have left the tumor registry reporting areas.
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From page 428... ...
Fujita M, Takahashi N Kageoka T: Search for mutations altering protein charge and/or function in children of atomic bomb survivors: Final report.
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From page 429... ...
Ichimaru M, Mikami M: Leukemia incidence among individuals exposed in utero, children of atomic bomb survivors, and their controls. Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 194~79.
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