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Environmental Neurotoxicology (1992) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 149-154

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From page 149...
... , 114 Biochemical assays, 59-62 Biologic markers, anneal models, 49, 54 disease surveillance, 108, concepts and defintions, 43-48, 51-52 of effect, 44, 45, 47-48,51 of exposure, 16, 36, 43, 44, 45, 46-47,51 for in vitro systems, list, 63 of neurotoxicity, list, 45 quality assurance and quality control, 4950 recommendations, 5, 124 selected, illustration, 92 of susceptibility, 44, 45, 48,51 use in risk assessment, 43, 50-51, 124 validation, 44, 48-50, 56, 124 Blood-brain barrier, 16, 28-29, 39, 55, 64 Brain, imaging procedures, 81-83 Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) , 106 C Carbamates, 58-59 Carbon disulfide, 11
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From page 150...
... , 37, 38 Disease surveillance biologic markers, 108 clinical neurologic examination, list of components, 100 disease and exposure registries, 108-109 identification and prevention efforts, 9597, 120 imaging techniques, 109-110 medical training, 107 recommendations, 126-127 sentinel health events (SHEs) , 108, 127 standardized disease definitions, 107-108 surveillance efforts, 105-110 Dopamine, 29, 31, 33, 39, 40, 47, 78-79 Dose-response relationships, 2-3, 5, 6, 16, 43, 50, 51, 56, 72, 111, 112, 113, 114-116, 120, 125 Dyskenesia, 15, 54 E Electroencephalography (EEG)
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From page 151...
... , 36, 37, 38, 47, 80 Homovanillic acid (HVA) , 78 Hormone production, 80 Humans effects of representative neurotoxic agents, 67-68 neurotoxicity testing, 95-110, 118-119, 124, 125 see also Risk Assessment; Screening; Surveillance; Testing Hypothalmus, 27-28 151 I Imaging procedures, 81-83, 109-110 In vitro and in viva testing, see Screening; Testing Insecticides, 25, 34-36, 44, 59 see also specific insecticides Integrated Management Information Systems (IMIS)
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From page 152...
... , 97-101, 102, 103-104 Neurobehavioral Evaluation System (NES) , 101, 102, 104 Neurobehavioral test batteries, 97-104 see also specific test batteries Neurochemical procedures, 78-79 Neuroendocrine interactions, 79-80, 125 Neurons axons, 22-24, 25, 30, 31, 32-33, 38, 55, 64, 77, 80 communication, 24-27, 33, 55 development and functions, 21-22, 29-30, glucose, 32 illustrations, 23, 26 integrative functions, 65-66 ions, 24-25, 29, 33, 116 nerve impulse, 24-25, 26 structure, 22-24 synaptic messengers, 26-27, 33, 55 synaptic transmission, 25-26, 27, 33, 77 trophic interactions, 30 see also Nervous system; Neurotransmitters Neuropathology, 80-81 Neurophysiologic procedures, 76 Neurotoxicity events, list of major, 12-14 Neurotransmitters, 25-27, 31, 32, 33, 40, 47, 55, 61, 78, 111-112, 116 see also Nervous system; Neurons No-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL)
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From page 153...
... , 31, 40, 81, 82, 83, 110 Potassium ions, 24, 25, 33 Pregnancy, 15, 50-51 ~ Prevention (primary and secondary) , 18, 53, 124-125 95-96 Psychosis, toxic, 15 Pyrethroids, 25, 31, 33, 34-36, 44, 59 Pyrrole,37-38, 59 R Radiation, 9, 15 Reaggregate cultures, 61, 62 Risk assessment approaches to, 11~116 biologic markers, 43, 50-51, 124, 124, 125 cognitive model, 113 curve-fitting, 114, 116-117, 120 carcinogenicity models, 111-113, 119 hockey-stick model, 116-117 neurotoxicity models, 111-113, 117-119, 120 neurotoxicity receptors, 117-118 153 no-threshold model, 117-118 NRC paradigm, s6 problems, 17-18, 19, 50-51, 111-112 recommendations, s-6, 123-127 safety-factor approach, 11~117 statistical models, 114-116, 121 strategy, 2-3 see also Screening; Surveillance; Testing S Schedule-controlled operant behavior (SCOB)
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From page 154...
... recommendations for neuropathologic evaluation, 81 Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery, 97101, 102, 103-104
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Key Terms

  • test battery
  • imaging procedures
  • disease surveillance
  • neurotoxicity testing
  • central nervous

  • neurotoxic effects
  • test batteries
  • operant behavior
  • neurobehavioral test
  • occupational safety

  • modifying variables
  • core test
  • neurobehavioral core
  • behavioral assessment
  • observational batteries

  • integrative functions
  • national occupational
  • national toxicology
  • product safety
  • specific test

  • exposure response
  • health interview
  • acidic protein
  • nutrition examination
  • care financing

  • health hazard
  • nuclear magnetic
  • neurologic examination
  • disease definitions
  • industrial hygienists


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