Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels (2013) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix E: Glossary, Conversion Factors, and Acronyms and Abbreviations
Appendix E: Glossary, Conversion Factors, and Acronyms and Abbreviations
Pages 207-217
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From page 207... ...
anoxia Condition characterized by the absence of dissolved oxygen. biodiesel Diesel fuel consisting of long-chain alkyl esters derived from biological material such as vegetable oils, animal fats, and algal oils.
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Highway Fuel Economy Test A component of the federal test procedure that simulates free(HWFET) flowing highway driving.
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Urban Dynamometer Driving A component of the federal test procedure that simulates stop-and-go Schedule (UDDS) driving.
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1 barrel ≡ 158.987295 L Energy 1 British thermal unit (Btu) ≡ 0.001055 megajoule (MJ)
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ACRONYMS AND ABREVIATIONS ABO Algal Biomass Organization AC alternating current AEF America's Energy Future AEO Annual Energy Outlook AER all-electric range AFV alternative fuel vehicle Ah ampere-hour AMT automatic conventional manual transmission ANL Argonne National Laboratory ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ATR autothermal reforming BAU business as usual bbl barrel BD biodiesel BDT bone dry ton BEV battery electric vehicle BGY billions of gallons per year BIW body in white BLM Bureau of Land Management BLY billion(s) of liters per year BM biomass BMEP brake mean effective pressure BMS battery management system BOP balance of plant Btu British thermal unit CAA Clean Air Act CAFE Corporate Average Fuel Economy CARB California Air Resource Board CBO Congressional Budget Office CBTL coal-and-biomass to liquid fuel CCS carbon capture and storage CD charge depleting CFRC carbon-fiber reinforced composite 211
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Department of Energy DOT U.S. Department of Transportation DW dry weight E10 blend of up to 10 percent ethanol and the balance petroleum-based gasoline E15 fuel containing up to 15 percent ethanol by volume E85 fuel containing up to 85 percent ethanol by volume EEA European Environmental Agency EER energy economy ratio EERE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy EGR exhaust gas recirculation EIA Energy Information Administration EIOLCA economic input-output approach to LCA EISA Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 EOR enhanced oil recovery EPA U.S.
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EPRI Electric Power Research Institute ERDA Energy Research and Development Administration EROI energy return on investment EROWI energy return on water invested ESA Ecological Society of America ETA Energy Tax Act EU European Union EV electric vehicle FAME fatty acid methyl ester FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FCEV fuel cell electric vehicle FFV flex-fuel vehicle FHWA Federal Highway Administration Fin make up water addition Fout water purge FT Fischer-Tropsch FTP federal test procedure GBEP Global Bioenergy Partnership GD green diesel GDI gasoline direct injection gge gallon of gasoline equivalent GGT gas guzzler tax GHG greenhouse gas GREET Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation model GTI Gas Technology Institute GTL gas to liquid (fuel) GW gigawatt ha hectare H2 hydrogen HD heavy-duty; horizontal drilling HEV hybrid electric vehicle HF hydraulic fracturing HRAP high rate algal pond HVAC heating, ventilation, and air conditioning 213
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HWFET Highway Fuel Economy Test IANGV International Association for Natural Gas Vehicles IBR Integrated Algal Biorefinery ICCT International Council on Clean Transportation ICE internal combustion engine ICEV internal combustion engine vehicle IHUF Indexed Highway User Fee IISD International Institute for Sustainable Development ILUC indirect land-use change IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPM interior permanent magnet ISO International Organization for Standardization ISSG Invasive Species Specialist Group km kilometer kW kilowatt kWh kilowatt-hour LCA life-cycle assessment LCFS Low Carbon Fuel Standard LDV light-duty vehicle Li-ion lithium ion LLNL Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LNG liquid natural gas LT light truck LUC land use change MD medium-duty MEA Millennium Ecosystem Assessment MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology MMBPD million barrels per day MMTCO2e million metric ton(s) of CO2 equivalent MPa mega-Pascal mpg miles per gallon mpgge miles per gallon of gasoline equivalent mt metric ton (or tonne)
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and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) NRC National Research Council NRCS Natural Resources Conservation Service NREL National Renewable Energy Laboratory OBP Office of Biomass Program OEM original equipment manufacturer OMEGA Offshore Membrane Enclosure for Growing Algae ORNL Oak Ridge National Laboratory OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration OTAG Ozone Transport Assessment Group PAYD pay as you drive PBR photobioreactor PEM proton-exchange membrane PEV plug-in electric vehicle PG&E Pacific Gas and Electric PHEV plug-in hybrid electric vehicle 215
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of standard cubic feet 216
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Department of Agriculture Rural Development USGS United States Geological Survey VEETC volumetric ethanol excise tax credit VMT vehicle miles traveled VOC volatile organic compound W watt WF water footprint Wh watt-hour WHC Wildlife Habitat Council WTT well to tank WTW well to wheels WW wastewater WWTP wastewater treatment plant xcontrol total dissolved solids in water (defined control point) xout total dissolved solids in purge ZEV zero-emission vehicle 217
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