Future U.S. Workforce for Geospatial Intelligence (2013) / Chapter Skim
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3 Emerging Areas of Geospatial Intelligence
3 Emerging Areas of Geospatial Intelligence
Pages 35-52
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From page 35... ...
Fusion is important because assessments of a as linkages between geolocation, social media, crowd- phenomenon from multiple sources of information are sourcing, and spatial analysis. GEOINT fusion covers likely to be better than those from a single source.
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For estimates of interest. example, a national air-traffic monitor room may track The late 1990s brought the establishment of the every aircraft using information collected from local International Society for Information Fusion as well air-traffic controllers.
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During the 1980s, there were few geospatial intelligence data Knowledge and Skills sources and most of the effort was dedicated to process ing. However, advances in sensing, communication, and Fusion draws on many disciplines, including geo- data management have greatly increased the number of graphic information science, spatial statistics, remote potential sources.
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University of California, Santa Barbara; University of Minnesota; and the University of Southern California. Education and Professional Preparation Programs Some professional programs in related broader areas (e.g., geospatial intelligence, geographic informa Although no degree programs are offered in tion science, security technologies, dynamic network G EOINT fusion, two universities have a research analysis)
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, and social network Kingdom in 1714 to anyone who could develop a prac- activities (e.g., placing Facebook activity on maps; tical method to precisely determine a ship's longitude. Loopt)
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The • Statistics, machine learning, and large-scale data technology has been developing rapidly, but a generic analytics. Pattern matching, data mining, and statistical set of tools for implementation across applications has inference are needed to extract information from the yet to emerge.
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. The crowdsourced data is compared to model-based predictions (line)
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For institutions such as the Massachusetts Into deal with data tagged with location and temporal stitute of Technology, which has a thesis as part of information, including econometrics, error estimation, its master's program, or the University of California, geopatial analytics, geospatial visualization, dynamic s Berkeley, which has a project as part of its master's analysis, temporal clustering, social network nalysis, a of engineering program, students will gain exposure dynamic network analysis, data mining, and text to the topic through the research or project. In addimining.
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The use of new technologies and methods, Evolution such as network analysis, graph-based statistics, and evolutionary agent-based modeling, distinguishes the Although human geography has been around for emerging area of human geography from its roots as a more than a century, the decision to build a human subfield of geography, sociology, and anthropology. terrain program for the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan
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data with a spatiotemporal context. Education and Professional Preparation Programs Knowledge and Skills A comprehensive human geography program Human geography involves four main components: covers five core elements: (1)
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way of displaying human behavior. Two-year and com- Research and new directions in visual analytics inmunity colleges have been among the first academic clude creating new information visualization methods, institutions to teach some of the basic skills needed to virtual imaging, semantic search, data fusion, dynamic use and develop social networking tools and, to some network visualization, and user testing.
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From page 46... ...
It has also led to new methods, such as dynamic networks techniques for sets of networks through time, and meta-network metrics for multimode, multilink data. Statistical approaches for assessing dynamics, information loss, and error provide the foundation for social network analysis.
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From page 47... ...
is based on tags for Lexis-Nexis news articles. The figure shows that the coverage of protests and demonstrations did not spread geographically, and that the change in relevance of the Internet and social networking did not spread in the same way as the revolutions.
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A semantic landscape of the Last.fm Music Folksonomy using a self-organizing map. SOURCE: Joseph Biberstine, Russell Duhon, Katy Börner, and Elisha Hardy, Indiana University, and André Skupin, San Diego State University, 2010.
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Forecasts are related to predictions and interdisciplinary graduate and undergraduate programs a nticipatory intelligence. In general, forecasts attempt that have evolved from communications, visual arts, to estimate a magnitude or value at a specific time media studies, geography, computer vision, and human- (such as 3-day forecast of temperature)
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. now being made in areas ranging from ecology (Luo Geospatial intelligence forecasting can play a key et al., 2011)
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. However, rig- Education and Professional Preparation Programs orous methods for forecasting social patterns and social changes have not yet been fully developed.
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Workshops or summer schools, such as those offer advanced geocomputational methods for spatial offered by the Spatial Perspective to Advance Curprediction, such as Monte Carlo simulation, Markov ricular Education program,10 the Center for Spatially chain modeling, cellular automata, agent-based mod- Integrated Social Science,11 and the University of eling, geographically weighted regression, spatial self- Michigan, are perhaps the main form of training for organizing maps, spatial trajectory modeling, spatial advanced space-time methods or geocomputational niche modeling, spatial Bayesian statistics, and spatial techniques. Many of these workshops cover only the econometrics.
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