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Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals Volume 14 (2013) / Chapter Skim
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4 Methanesulfonyl Chloride Acute Exposure Guideline Levels
Pages 115-138

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From page 115...
... Both the document and the AEGL values were then reviewed by the National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels.
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From page 116...
... Although the AEGL values represent threshold concentrations for the general public, including susceptible subpopulations, such as infants, children, the elderly, persons with asthma, and those with other illnesses, it is recognized that individuals, subject to idiosyncratic responses, could experience the effects described at concentrations below the corresponding AEGL. SUMMARY Methanesulfonyl chloride is a pale yellow liquid with an unpleasant odor.
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From page 117...
... , because of the lack of information available to describe species differences in toxicity and interindividual variability. Although clinical signs and pathologic findings from the limited data set suggest contact irritation (partial eye closure, disturbed respiratory patterns, salivation, nose rubbing, blinking, nasal discharge, lacrimation, increased relative lung weight, pulmonary congestion, and corneal surface damage)
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From page 118...
... TABLE 4-2 Chemical and Physical Data for Methanesulfonyl Chloride Parameter Value References Synonyms Chloromethyl sulfone; HSDB 2007 mesyl chloride; methanesulfonic acid chloride; methyl sulfochloride CAS registry no. 124-63-0 HSDB 2007 Chemical formula CH3ClO2S HSDB 2007 Molecular weight 114.55 HSDB 2007 Physical state Pale, yellow liquid HSDB 2007 Freezing point -32°C HSDB 2007 Boiling point 62°C @ 18mmHg HSDB 2007 Flash point 110°C Shertzer 2001 Density/specific gravity 1.4805 g/L @ 18°C HSDB 2007 Solubility in water Insoluble; hydrolyzes slowly HSDB 2007 Vapor pressure 3.09 mm Hg @ 25°C HSDB 2007 Conversion factors 1 ppm = 4.68 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.21 ppm
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From page 119...
... Test atmospheres were analyzed five times per exposure by gas chromatography flame ionization detection, and were monitored for the presence of droplets of methanesulfonyl chloride at 1.5 and 3.5 h. The study followed Good Laboratory Practice and the guidelines of Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development for assessing acute inhalation toxicity (OECD Test 403)
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From page 120...
... TABLE 4-4 Mortality in Rats Exposed to Methanesulfonyl Chloride for 1 Hour Mortality Concentration (ppm) Males Females Combined 165 1/5 0/5 1/10 174 1/5 1/5 2/10 300 5/5 5/5 10/10 Source: Pennwalt Corporation 1986.
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From page 121...
... Clinical signs, including ocular and nasal irritation, respiratory difficulty, nasal discharge, wheezing, and corneal opacities, are consistent with severe irritation. Methanesulfonyl chloride induced chromosome aberrations in CHO cells only in the presence of metabolic activation.
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From page 122...
... . However, thionyl chloride and sulfuryl chloride readily hydrolyze to SO2 and HCl whereas methanesulfonyl chloride hydrolyzes very slowly.
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From page 123...
... Overall, the data and modeling results were considered inadequate to define an empirical value of n, but indicated that time is an important component of the concentration-time relationship for methanesulfonyl chloride. When an empirical value cannot be determined, default values of n = 1 for extrapolation to longer durations and n = 3 for extrapolation to shorter durations may be used to derive AEGL values protective of human health (NRC 2001)
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From page 124...
... . A steep concentration-response curve has been demonstrated for methanesulfonyl chloride; mortality in rats exposed to it for 4 h was 10% at 20 ppm and 90% at 28 ppm (Pennwalt Corporation 1987)
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From page 125...
... Although clinical signs and pathologic finding from the limited data set suggest contact irritation (partial eye closure, disturbed respiratory patterns, salivation, nose rubbing, blinking, nasal discharge, lacrimation, increased relative lung weight, pulmonary congestion, and corneal surface damage) and this type of portal-of-entry effect is not expected to vary greatly between species, the available data are not sufficient to conclusively describe the mechanism of toxicity.
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From page 126...
... 2001. Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals.
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From page 127...
... 1987. Methanesulfonyl Chloride, Acute Inhalation Toxicity in Rats, 4-Hour Exposure.
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From page 128...
... 1987. Methanesulfonyl Chloride, Acute Inhalation Toxicity in Rats, 4-Hour Exposure.
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From page 129...
... When an empirical value cannot be determined, default values of n = 1 for extrapolation to longer durations and n = 3 for extrapolation to shorter durations may be used to derive AEGL values protective of human health (NRC 2001)
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From page 130...
... 130 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels 8-h AEGL-3: C1 × 8 h = 62 ppm-h C = 7.75 ppm 7.75 ppm ÷ 100 = 0.078 ppm
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From page 131...
... 1987. Methanesulfonyl Chloride, Acute Inhalation Toxicity in Rats, 4-Hour Exposure.
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From page 132...
... Uncertainty factors/Rationale: No information available to describe species differences in toxicity or interindividual variability. Although clinical signs and pathologic findings from the limited data set suggest contact irritation and this type of portal-of-entry effect is not expected to vary greatly between species, the available data are not sufficient to conclusively describe the mechanism of toxicity.
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From page 133...
... Source Species Sex Exposures ppm Minutes Category Comments NAC/AEGL-1 NR 10 AEGL NAC/AEGL-1 NR 30 AEGL NAC/AEGL-1 NR 60 AEGL NAC/AEGL-1 NR 240 AEGL NAC/AEGL-1 NR 480 AEGL NAC/AEGL-2 0.40 10 AEGL NAC/AEGL-2 0.40 30 AEGL NAC/AEGL-2 0.21 60 AEGL NAC/AEGL-2 0.053 240 AEGL NAC/AEGL-2 0.026 480 AEGL (Continued)
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From page 134...
... ; Corporation clinical signs, 1987 pulmonary function changes for several days; relative lung weight increase in decedents; damage to corneal surface of eyes Rat Both 1 28 240 SL Mortality (9/10) Rat Both 1 54 240 3 Mortality (10/10)
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From page 135...
... is the cumulative normal distribution function Dependent variable = COLUMN3 Independent variable = COLUMN1 Slope parameter is not restricted Total number of observations = 4 Total number of records with missing values = 0 Maximum number of iterations = 250 Relative Function Convergence has been set to: 1e-008 Parameter Convergence has been set to: 1e-008 User has chosen the log transformed model Default Initial (and Specified) Parameter Values Background = 0 Intercept = -8.60752 Slope = 2.6668 Asymptotic Correlation Matrix of Parameter Estimates Background Intercept Background 1 -1 Intercept -1 1 (*
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From page 136...
... 136 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels Parameter Estimates Standard 95.0% Wald Confidence Interval Variable Estimate Error Lower Confidence Limit Upper Confidence Limit Background 0 NA Intercept -24.1018 7.1988 -38.2112 -9.99242 Slope 7.61759 2.27204 3.16448 12.0707 NA: indicates that this parameter has hit a bound implied by some inequality constraint and thus has no standard error. Goodness of Fit Scaled Estimated Dose Probability Expected Observed Size Residual 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 0 10 0.000 20.0000 0.1000 1.000 1 10 -0.000 28.0000 0.9000 9.000 9 10 -0.000 54.0000 1.0000 10.000 10 10 0.000 Chi-square = 0.00; DF = 2; P-value = 1.0000 Benchmark Dose Computation Specified effect = 0.05 Risk Type = Extra risk Confidence level = 0.95 BMD = 19.0685 BMDL = 15.5113 Probit 1 BMD Lower Bound 0.8 Fraction Affected 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 BMDL BMD 0 10 20 30 40 50 dose FIGURE B-1 Probit model with 0.95 confidence level.
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From page 137...
... Methanesulfonyl Chloride 137 APPENDIX E CALCULATION OF THE TIME-SCALING EXPONENT ‘n' Log Probit Analysis of Full Dataset: Filename: Methanesulfonyl chloride time scaling Date: 09 February 2012 Time: 16:05:18 Sequence No. Concentration (ppm)
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From page 138...
... 138 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels Log Probit Analysis of Reduced Dataset: Filename: Methanesulfonyl chloride time scaling Date: 09 February 2012 Time: 16:07:06 Sequence No. Concentration (ppm)
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Key Terms

  • acute exposure
  • exposure guideline
  • aegl values
  • guideline levels
  • pennwalt corporation

  • clinical signs
  • log probit
  • data relevant
  • rats exposed
  • animal data

  • probit analysis
  • human data
  • acute inhalation
  • empirical value
  • thanesulfonyl chloride

  • inhalation toxicity
  • lower confidence
  • observation period
  • probit analyses
  • time scaling

  • confidence limit
  • uncertainty factors
  • shorter durations
  • contact irritation
  • species differences

  • scaled using
  • thionyl chloride
  • sulfuryl chloride
  • reduced data
  • lethality data


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