Making the Soldier Decisive on Future Battlefields (2013) / Chapter Skim
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To examine the desired elements of decisive overmatch, Chapter 2 identifies capabilities needed for decisive overmatch by Soldiers and small units in dismounted infantry squad operations, including situational understanding, military effects (including lethal and nonlethal effects and stability actions) , maneuverability, sustainability, and survivability.
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Results in Iraq and Afghanistan show that while the US soldier is a formidable fighter, his contemporary suite of equipment and support does not enjoy the same high degree of overmatch capability exhibited by large weapons platforms -- yet it is the soldier who ultimately will play the decisive role in restoring stability. A study is needed to establish the technical requirements for overmatch capability for dismounted soldiers operating individually or in small units.
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The study concluded that an essential principle for achieving overmatch capabilities is to recognize that integrating the human dimension with materiel advances is at the core of all TSU improvements. However, Army research and development has always been insufficiently resourced to provide the range of human-dimension opportunities and solutions that might provide overmatching performance.
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Most important, it is unlikely that the solutions to achieve overmatch capabilities can be successfully implemented within the Army's current acquisition framework. A principled groundwork for analyzing the TSU system has not been laid for a natural progression to define and implement overmatch capabilities that integrate 4
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For this reason these four recommendations have higher priority for achieving TSU overmatch than the other eleven report recommendations. The committee concluded that the capability solutions with the highest potential to contribute to decisive overmatch would likely fall into one or more of five solution areas: Designing the TSU Focusing on TSU Training Integrating the TSU into Army Networks Balancing TSU Maneuverability, Military Effects, and Survivability Leveraging Advances in Portable Power Designing the TSU The principles for achieving overmatch reflected in Recommendations 1 through 4 will allow the Army to leverage Soldier performance as never before and to determine the TSU design that will be dominant across the full range of combat and stability operations.
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Infantry School at the Maneuver Center of Excellence (MCoE) , the TRADOC Analysis Center, the Army Research Laboratory , the Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, the Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, the Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity, and the Army program executive offices for Simulation, Training, and Instrumentation(PEO STRI)
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Mid to far term actions toward maintaining decisive levels of Soldier performance in TSUs include: Provide near-real time physiological readiness state reporting from Soldier and TSU to the command chain using physiological state monitors Leverage personality inventories, such as the Tailored Adaptive Personality Assessment System, to determine the cognitive, non-cognitive, and physical performance attributes that predict TSU performance. Conduct analyses to predict probable increased TSU measures of performance and measures of effectiveness levels attainable if two-year and five-year technology goals are met and anticipated improvements are implemented.
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Ensuring full integration of the TSU into the Army network is essential to achieve decisive overmatch for dismounted TSUs and Soldiers. A crucial concept to guide this integration is the necessity of ensuring that TSU leaders and individual Soldiers have sufficient Situational Understanding.
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For decisive overmatch, the three types of networks must provide full use of sensor, lethal and other capabilities, both external and organic to the TSU, Integration of the Soldier and TSU into the Army's networks will require near-term investments in Army networks, such as the following: Communications networks enhancements including TSU-level network management, remote control of radio transmission modes, and hands-free display interfaces capable of operating in all weather conditions, day and night, without compromising the security of the Soldier or TSU. Information networks capable of providing position location and tracking information in GPS-denied environments, automated tagging of information received to aid visualization, prioritization and dissemination, and access to level 1 situational awareness data from supporting sensors.
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The Committee identified potential benefits for improved Situational Understanding; advantages in gaining and maintaining surprise or in immediately seizing the initiative even when an opponent acts first, through the ability to outmaneuver the opponent; more effective options for use of robot systems to support dismounted units; finding the right balance of body armor (individual protective equipment, or IPE) with other factors that contribute to Soldier load; and other benefits.
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Recommendation 12: The Army should initiate and maintain a program of experimental trials to inform improved models for assessing the effectiveness of dismounted Soldiers and TSUs as a function of Soldier load and measures/indicators of mobility and agility. The program should include an iterative process to explore innovative concepts for balancing TSU maneuverability, military effects, and survivability, as well as continuing exploration of more traditional approaches such as lightening individual items carried and offloading Soldier load onto robotic carriers.
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From page 12... ...
If the empirical basis could be developed, the planning aid could also predict the probability that the mission would contribute to the long-term injury or disability of particular TSU members. The mission planning aid would be used in training TSU leaders on the factors that affect squad mobility, including terrain, meteorological conditions, loads, load configurations, accumulated fatigue, individual protective equipment (IPE)
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From page 13... ...
The selection of rechargeable battery storage technology as the primary choice for the Soldier energy source necessitates the parallel introduction of a recharger technology sufficiently small and lightweight that would be applicable at the squad level. Successful development of a JP-fuel reforming technology would allow for small combustion engine battery chargers of low cost and light weight.
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