Geotargeted Alerts and Warnings Report of a Workshop on Current Knowledge and Research Gaps (2013) / Chapter Skim
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2 Technologies and Tools for Geotargeted Alerts and Warnings
2 Technologies and Tools for Geotargeted Alerts and Warnings
Pages 24-34
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code or vertices of polygons to define affected regions along with information about the source and nature of the alert and the action to be taken. • Cellular phones and other mobile devices "know" where they are located (at a minimum using mandated E911 location capabilities and, increasingly, using embedded Global Positioning System (GPS)
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CONTINUING OPPORTUNITIES FOR USING TRADITIONAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR GEOTARGETED ALERTS AND LESSONS FOR THE USE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES Although discussion at the workshop tended to focus on new technologies, particularly mobile devices, several presentations examined how older technologies can be used in ways that provide enhanced geotargeting capabilities. Rick Wimberly, Galain Solutions, examined reverse-dialing alerts; John Kean, NPR Labs, discussed innovations in radio broadcast; Bruce Thomas, Midland Radio Corporation, examined weather radios; and Ron Boyer, Boyer Broadband, discussed alerting over cable television systems.
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Radio Broadcast Technologies NPR Labs, a small, self-supported broadcast technology research and development outfit operated by National Public Radio, is currently examining the use of two new technologies that may benefit alerting: broadcast repeaters and the use of the radio broadcast system (RBDS)
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When terrain sensitivity and indoor Circle added by NPR Labs, map copy- penetration are factored in, coverage right 2013 Google. shrinks to about 3,173,000 people.
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More precise geotargeting may be possible by adjusting the first digit of the SAME code. Cable Television Boyer discussed current capabilities and opportunities for enhanced alerting over cable networks (more formally known as multichannel video programming distributors or MVPDs)
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Geotargeting Using Internet Protocol Richard Barnes explained that geolocating based on Internet protocol (IP) address is very limited and generally relies on privately managed databases that match IP addresses to physical addresses.
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An alert could be inserted into the video stream, and once the alert reaches the device, an application could use its location to determine if the information is relevant. 2 For discussion of the challenges of alerting over Facebook and other social media plat forms, see National Research Council, Public Response to Alerts and Warnings Using Social Media: Report of a Workshop on Current Knowledge and Research Gaps, The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C., 2013.
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Mobile Location Determination Using Wi-Fi Access Points Traditionally, mobile device location has been established using two methods: GPS, which is fairly accurate but only works outside and takes significant time to obtain a location fix and cellular tower triangulation, which has comparatively poor accuracy but provides a faster location fix. Skyhook incorporates a third source, Wi-Fi access point signals.
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CURRENT AND FUTURE TECHNOLOGIES FOR GEOTARGETING ALERTS TO MOBILE DEVICES As described in Chapter 1, WEA provides limited capabilities for geotargeting alerts to mobile users. New technologies and innovations may provide additional capabilities for alerting and more narrowly defined geotargeting.
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Third-Party Application Capabilities Using an application on a mobile device and location information from that device is another method for geotargeting alerts. One such application is iMap Weather Radio, which was developed by Weather Decision Technologies (WDT)
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This may allow for tighter sectioning of geographical regions within the tower's signal. • The use of GPS is a possibility for determining a mobile device's location, but may pose a challenge if the GPS initiates a request to carrier networks to request location information.
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