Research Progress on Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials (2013) / Chapter Skim
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2 Review of Recent Reports and National Research Council Committee Workshop
2 Review of Recent Reports and National Research Council Committee Workshop
Pages 28-40
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From page 28... ...
aspects of nanotechnology. In the United States, reports have commented on continuing efforts and needs with regard to EHS nanotechnology research, including The National Nanotechnology Initiative -- Supplement to the President's FY 2013 Budget (NSET 2012)
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NIOSH anticipated increasing its investment on three topics in 2013: applying prevention through design principles in its work, developing and sharing containment and control strategies to support responsible development of nanomaterial-based products, and expanding data on worker exposure and health issues in highvolume nanomaterial industries and applications (for example, carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide, and nanosilver)
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With regard to EHS research coordination-related activities, CPSC signed an interagency agreement with EPA in 2011 to support research with agencies in the United Kingdom to study potential human exposures to ENMs from consumer products and some environmental sources. In another effort, under the leadership of the International Life Sciences Institute Research Foundation's Nanorelease Project, agencies of the NNI are working with nonprofit groups, industry, and international organizations to develop methods for measuring the release of ENMs from consumer materials (ILSI 2012)
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. GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE REPORT, NANOTECHNOLOGY: IMPROVED PERFORMANCE INFORMATION NEEDED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH, AND SAFETY RESEARCH In May 2012, GAO issued its most recent report to the chairman of the US Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works.
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Regarding the former issue, GAO reported that "of the 236 projects that the seven agencies reported to us as EHS research for fiscal year 2010, we determined that, for 43 projects (18 percent) , it was not clear that the projects met the definition for PCA 7 -- research primarily directed at the EHS impacts of nanotechnology development and corresponding risk assessment, risk management, and methods for risk mitigation" (p.
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The 2012 GAO report comments that "independent reviews of the prior NNI strategy documents also noted an absence of performance information" (p.
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, highlighted a number of steps toward addressing potential risks of nanotechnologies. The steps included expanding the pan-European research program, work by the European Joint Research Center on harmonized methods of characterizing and evaluating the toxicity of ENMs, scientific reviews of research needs and opportunities by the Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Risks, and a focus on regulatory review.
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Following in part from NanoImpactNet, all EC research projects addressing the potential risks associated with ENMs are coordinated through the EC NanoSafety Cluster (NanoSafety Cluster 2013) , an EC initiative aimed at ensuring strong strategic synergy in the field of EHS nanotechnology research.
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. The objectives "are to facilitate the formation of a consensus on nanotoxicology in Europe; to provide a single voice for discussions with external bodies; to avoid duplicating work and improve efficiency; to improve the coherence of nanotoxicology studies and harmonize methods; to provide a forum for discussion, problem-solving, and planning of R&D activities in Europe; and to provide industrial stakeholders and the general public with appropriate knowledge on the risks to human health and the environment posed by ENMs" (Nanosafety Cluster 2013)
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on federal oversight groups: PCAST and GAO reinforced many of the committee's recommendations, including the need for clear accountability for NNI spending, particularly on EHS research, for "top-down" strategic direction, and for additional, targeted research funding. The EC research model aligns more closely with calls for accountability and top-down strategic direction and has been highly successful in stimulating effective research partnerships and integrated approaches to complex challenges.
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The perspective gained there helped the committee in assessing research and implementation progress in Chapter 3 and informed the construction of Figure 4-1. Although the committee recognizes the short timeframe for evaluating research progress, it strongly endorses the concepts of coordinated, transparent efforts and of retrospective impact analysis for assessing progress in advancing knowledge in the EHS nanotechnology research enterprise.
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2012. The National Nanotechnology Initiative: Research and Development Leading to a Revolution in Technology and Industry: Supplement to the President's FY 2013 Budget.
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2012. Report to the President and Congress on the Fourth Assessment of the National Nanotech nology Initiative.
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