Including Health in Global Frameworks for Development, Wealth, and Climate Change Workshop Summary (2014) / Chapter Skim
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2 Health in the Context of Processes to Develop Post-2015 Goals and Sustainable Development Goals
2 Health in the Context of Processes to Develop Post-2015 Goals and Sustainable Development Goals
Pages 7-24
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From page 7... ...
The second presentation, from John Norris, Center for American Progress, provided an overview of the UN report (2013) , A New Global Partnership: Eradicate Poverty and Transform Economies Through Sustainable Development, developed by the UN High-Level Panel of Eminent Persons for the Post-2015 Development Agenda.
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Balbus noted that previous Collaborative webinars addressed aspects of the post-2015 development agenda including UN processes and ways to provide input, reasonable goals and indicators for environmental health and sustainability, and health equity and social justice considerations.1 He added that the webinar build on those themes in an effort to provide useful information to the global community as the post-2015 agenda and SDGs are developed. THE GLOBAL THEMATIC CONSULTATION ON HEALTH AND INCORPORATING ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INTO THE POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT AGENDA Kumanan Rasanathan, M.B.Ch.B., M.P.H., FAFPHM Health Specialist, UNICEF Kumanan Rasanathan began with the context of health in the post2015 agenda, which he identified as an entry point for developing potential targets and indicators for an environmental health agenda.
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He added that there is a need to consider the contributions of 2 The Health Eight (H8) comprises leaders of the eight global international health agencies: the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; GAVI (formerly the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization)
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10 FIGURE F 2-1 Schem matic of the post-2015 development agenda a process. NOTES: N HoSG = Heads H of State Goverrnments; MDGs = Millennium M Developpment Goals; OWG G = Open Working G Group; SDG = Sustainable S Developm ment Goal; SDS Neetwork = Sustainablee Development Solu utions Network; SG = Secretary Generall; UN = United Nations; N UNGA = UN General Assembly y; WG = Working Group.
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He added that there could have been more targets identified in the goals, and noted that the only target listed under universal health coverage was immunization, which distressed many proponents of that goal who had hoped for more. However, other important health-related issues were added or further highlighted, such as • reducing death from national disasters, • water and sanitation, • birth registration, • reducing violent deaths, and • climate change.
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From page 12... ...
Creating the post-2015 agenda was envisioned as a much more transparent process, involving civil society, implementing partners, private philanthropy, and the business community. To achieve this, the UN held a series of consultations in more than 100 countries around the 4 Rio +20 is the short name for the UN Conference on Sustainable Development which took place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in June 2012, 20 years after the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio.
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From page 13... ...
The UN High-Level Panel's main achievement in the report on A New Global Partnership: Eradicate Poverty and Transform Economies Through Sustainable Development was resolving the tension between the anti-poverty and the environmental communities, said Norris. The panel set a goal of eradicating extreme poverty by 2030, but emphasized that this was to be accomplished within a framework of sustainability.
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From page 14... ...
Environmental targets under Goal 7 (securing sustainable energy) included the Sustainable Energy for All initiative, which proposed doubling the rate of renewables in the global energy mix, and doubling the global rate of improvement in energy efficient buildings, industry, agriculture, and transport.53This 5 According to the report of the UN High-Level Panel, this goal implies a 2.4 percent annual efficiency gain by 2030 compared with 1.2 percent, which was achieved from 1970 to 2008, according to the Global Energy Assessment from the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (http://www.iiasa.ac.at/
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Norris noted that agreement on clear numbers and measures to gather these data is needed to further specific environmental targets in the post2015 agenda; otherwise, they are likely to be ignored, as occurred in the MDG process. For example, for MDG 7 (ensuring environmental sustainability)
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From page 16... ...
There are problems with developing a simple set of indicators for universal health coverage, and Haines noted that the UN High-Level Panel did not include catastrophic health expenditure, an important element of universal health coverage. Health Linkages in the Proposed Goals Many of the 12 proposed universal goals in the UN High-Level Panel's report are inextricably linked to health, said Haines: • Goal 1 (ending extreme poverty)
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Haines discussed the dangers mentioned in Goal 12 in greater detail, noting that in the 2012 World Bank report Turn Down the Heat, depending on which global emissions pathway is followed, a global mean temperature rise of 4 degrees Celsius could be exceeded by the end of the century -- which would have major implications for health and development. He added that, as also noted by Norris, although the UN High-Level Panel report stressed the importance of abolishing fossil fuel subsidies, these subsidies and unsustainable agricultural policies have proved remarkably difficult to eradicate.
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For example, sealevel rise due to both climate change and local environmental changes can contribute to salination of coastal water sources. The achievements of a sustainable safe water supply together with hygienic sanitation in the home are very worthy goals.
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Healthy Life Expectancy Healthy life expectancy is increasingly available as a metric. Haines urged more national statistical agencies to collect data about healthy life expectancy, so that the effectiveness of maximizing health throughout life can be measured.
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He added that policies such as reducing fossil fuel subsidies are a good option, particularly with the cost of renewables dropping worldwide. The biggest challenge, he said, is in the food and agricultural sector.
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Haines responded by noting that security is addressed within many of the universal goals in the UN High-Level Panel's report. He noted that food security is mentioned in Goal 5, reducing deaths from natural disasters is mentioned in Goal 1, and reducing violence is mentioned in Goal 11.
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, an organization dedicated to assisting local governments with sustainability. He suggested that ICLEI's website (www.icleiusa.org)
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From page 23... ...
2013. A new global partnership: Eradicate poverty and transform economies through sustainable development.
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