Symposium on the Role of the Vestibular Organs in Space Exploration (1970) / Chapter Skim
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NEURAL MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF MOTION SICKNESS
NEURAL MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF MOTION SICKNESS
Pages 35-44
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From page 35... ...
The participation of peripheral afferent nerves, peripheral efferent nerves, and central structures is described and the integrated action of these structures is discussed. The structures that are indispensable for the vomiting of motion sickness are the vestibular apparatus, the vestibular nerve, the vestibular nuclei, the uvula and nodulus of the cerebellum, the chemoceptive emetic trigger zone, the vomiting center, and the somatic peripheral nerves to the respiratory muscles and to the muscles of the abdominal wall.
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From page 36... ...
of most of the gastrointestinal tract, as revealed in the doubly operated dogs by markedly increased thresholds (doses and times) for vomiting to orally administered copper sulfate, it is reasonable to conclude that visceral afferent nerves are not necessary for motion sickness.
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From page 37... ...
CENTRAL STRUCTURES Vestibular Nuclei Because most vestibular sensory fibers synapse in the vestibular nuclei, and because the vestibular nerve is necessary for motion sickness, the vestibular nuclei are probably necessary for motion sickness. Vestibular Parts of the Cerebellum In four dogs that had consistently vomited to swinging preoperatively, the uvula, nodulus, and pyramis were removed (ref.
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From page 38... ...
are the vestibular apparatus, the vestibular nerve, the vestibular nuclei, the vestibular part of the cerebellum, the chemoceptive emetic trigger zone, the vomiting center, and the somatic motor nerves to the respiratory muscles and to the muscles of the abdominal wall. Structures that are dispensable are the nerves to the eyes, the nerves to the abdominal viscera, and the cerebral cortex.
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From page 40... ...
They were unable, however, to demonstrate any increase in blood acetylcholine during motion sickness. ATTEMPT TO ESTABLISH THE HYPOPHYSIS AS A LINK BETWEEN THE VESTIBULAR CEREBELLUM AND THE CHEMOCEPTIVE TRIGGER ZONE Several observations suggest that the neurohypophysis secretes an emetic agent during appropriate motion: (1)
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From page 41... ...
In terms of the relationship between the vestibular cerebellum and the chemoceptive trigger zone, this would mean that during appropriate motion the vestibular cerebellum causes a decrease in TABLE 2. -- Durations of Swinging Required To Produce Vomiting, to Nearest Minute, Before and After Hypophysectomy i Dog no.
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From page 42... ...
The link between the vestibular cerebellum and the chemoceptive trigger zone remains unilluminated.
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From page 43... ...
33. WODAK, E.: Vestibular ausgeliiste vegetative Phanomene und ihre Dissoziationen mit den iibrigen vestibularen Reaktionen.
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From page 44... ...
E.: A A C.: A GABA-Related Hypothesis on the Mechanism Comparative Study of Hyperbaric Oxygen-Induced of Action of the Antimotion Sickness Drugs.
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