Symposium on the Role of the Vestibular Organs in Space Exploration (1970) / Chapter Skim
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CONFLICTING SENSORY ORIENTATION CUES AS A FACTOR IN MOTION SICKNESS
CONFLICTING SENSORY ORIENTATION CUES AS A FACTOR IN MOTION SICKNESS
Pages 45-52
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From page 45... ...
GUEDRY, JR. Naval Aerospace Medical Institute SUMMARY Evidence is adduced to support the hypothesis that conflicting sensory data relating In spatial orientation from among visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems can induce motion sickness in the absence of any strong, long, or periodic stimulus to the semicircular canals or otolith system.
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From page 46... ...
Moreover, during the initial angular acceleration to 15 rpm while the head was fixed relative to the turntable, there AXIS OF CHANGE IN ORIENTATION SIGNALED IY OTOLITHS x -- -- MEAN AXIS OF ANGULAR VELOCITY SIGNALED BY CANALS HEAD TILT ON ROTATING TABLE ANGULAR VELOCITY SIGNAL FROM CANALS POSITION SIGNAL FROM OTOLITHS RESIDUAL EFFECTS FROM HEAD TILT ON ROTATING TABLE AXIS OF CHANGE IN ORIENTATION SIGNALED rY OTOLITHS AXIS OF ANGULAR VELOCITY SIGNALED IY CANALS NATURAL HEAD TILT FIGURE 1. -- Illustrating the directional conflict of sensory inputs from canals and otoliths during head tilt on a rotating table and the concordant sensory input during natural head tilt without concomitant whole-body rotation.
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From page 47... ...
by head movement during 60 °/sec angular velocity and (B) Ay simple angular acceleration to 60°/sec with head in fixed relation to the axis of rotation.
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From page 48... ...
This situation as the head movement is completed is closely analogous to the nystagmus and sensation produced by cessation of rotation about an Earthhorizontal axis; in the latter situation as well, the canals signal rotation while the other systems signal no rotation. As shown in the upper right graphs, the nystagmus decline following rotation about a horizontal axis is more rapid than the decline of nystagmus produced by simple angular acceleration about a vertical axis even though the angular impulses are equal in the two situations (ref.
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From page 49... ...
The angular impulses produced by the head movements were of less magnitude than the simple angular accelerations to 10 rpm, yet the head movements produced signs of sickness, whereas the stronger simple angular accelerations did not produce these signs. When a person is permitted to move around within a rotating room, there is much more than an intralabyrinthine conflict.
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From page 50... ...
The invariant correlation between information from otoliths and canals in natural head movements leads me to speculate that unnatural stimuli that yield conflicting inputs from these two kinds of labyrinthine sense organs are especially potent in the production of motion sickness. The vestibular receptors work on an inertial principle and provide quantitative velocity and position data relative to an external fixed reference system which perceptually is the Earth.
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From page 51... ...
Review 4-66. USAF School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks Air Force Base, Tex.
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