Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual Assault (2014) / Chapter Skim
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5 Selected Other Surveys on Rape and Sexual Assault
5 Selected Other Surveys on Rape and Sexual Assault
Pages 71-90
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From page 71... ...
The second perspective, public health, focuses more broadly on sexual violence and the effects of that violence on the physical and emotional health of its victims. The panel believes that the two approaches have some basic differences in purpose, and this purpose differential has led to certain methodological decisions as the surveys were designed.
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From page 72... ...
, the National College Women Sexual Victimization (NCWSV) Study, and the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS)
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From page 73... ...
was calculated as a part of the original report and is documented there. The panel used the original case dispositions to calculate a response rate using Standard 4 of the American Association of Public Opinion Research (n.d.)
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From page 74... ...
Just so there is no mistake, by oral sex, we mean that a man or boy put his penis in your mouth or some body penetrated your vagina or anus with his mouth or tongue. • H as anyone ever made you have anal sex by force or threat of harm?
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From page 75... ...
This total was 5 times higher than the number of incidences estimated that same year by the NCS (130,000, which included rape, attempted rape, and other sexual assaults) and almost seven times the number of incidences summarized by the UCR system (102,560, which included attempted rape but not other types of sexual assault)
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From page 76... ...
Because the survey was conducted only once, there was no initial interview that bounded the 12-month reporting of victimizations. The survey had a 72 percent cooperation rate for females and a 69 percent cooperation rate for male respondents.9 The unweighted response rate, 8 Five completed interviews were subsequently eliminated from the data file during editing because of an excessive amount of incongruous data.
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From page 77... ...
The survey, too, also covered a fairly wide range of topics that included not only rape and attempted rape, but also physical assault experienced as a child by adult caretakers, physical assault experienced as an adult, and stalking. It asked for "detailed information about the characteristics and consequences of victimization for each type of perpetrator identified by the respondent" (Tjaden and Thoennes 2000, p.
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From page 78... ...
NATIONAL COLLEGE WOMEN SEXUAL VICTIMIZATION STUDY (1997) Sexual violence has been, and continues to be, a particular problem on college campuses (Diamond and Emerson, 2012; Fisher, Cullen, and Turner, 2000; Karjane, Fisher, and Cullen, 2005)
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From page 79... ...
sample size = 8,000 Rape 0.1 92,748 1.2b 111,298b 1.2 Physical assault 3.4 3,153,432 2.5 7,883,580 85.0 Stalking 0.4 370,992 1.0 370,992 4.0 Total,c 18+ (193,445,000) sample size = 16,000 Rape 0.2 394,839 2.5 987,362 5.1 aThe standard error of the mean is 1.4 for female rape victims, 0.2 for female physical assault victims, 0.5 for male rape victims, and 0.2 for male physical assault victims.
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From page 80... ...
Drawing from both the NWS and the NVAWS, the NCWSV's screener questionnaire contained 10 behaviorally specific screen questions that sought to assess whether respondents had experienced a range of sexual victimizations (Fisher, Cullen, and Turner, 2000, p.
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From page 81... ...
. In addition to the victimization measures, other questions covered a range of factors including stalking, respondents' demographic characteristics, lifestyle, routine activities, living arrangements, and prior sexual victimizations.
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From page 82... ...
Sexual contact includes touching; grabbing or fondling of breasts, buttocks, or genitals, either under or over your clothes; kissing; licking or sucking; or some other form of unwanted sexual contact. Completed sexual contact Any type of unwanted completed sexual contact (not without force penetration)
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From page 83... ...
. Thus the NCWSV used behaviorally specific wording and the TABLE 5-3 Rape and Attempted Rape of Female College Students, NCWSV, 1996 Victims Incidents Rate per Rate per Number of 1,000 1,000 Type of Victims in Percentage Female Number of Female Victimization the Sample of Sample Students Incidents Students Completed rape 74 1.7 16.6 86 19.3 Attempted rape 49 1.1 11.0 71 16.0 Total 123 2.8 27.7*
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From page 84... ...
In each category -- completed rape, attempted rape, and threat of rape -- the main study (featuring behaviorally specific wording) resulted in more reports of incidents than did the comparison study (using NCVS wording)
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From page 85... ...
The overall weighted response rate in NISVS ranged from 27.5 to 33.6 percent.14 The cooperation rate was 81.3 percent. The NISVS 2010 Summary Report included estimates for five different categories of sexual victimizations including completed and attempted rape (see Box 5-1)
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From page 86... ...
In NISVS, sexual coercion refers to unwanted vaginal, oral, or anal sex after being pressured in ways that included being worn down by someone who repeatedly asked for sex or showed they were unhappy; feeling pressured by being lied to, being told promises that were untrue, having someone threaten to end a relationship or spread rumors; and pressure due to someone using their influence or authority. Unwanted sexual contact is defined as unwanted sexual experiences in volving touch but not sexual penetration, such as being kissed in a sexual way, or having sexual body parts fondled or grabbed.
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From page 87... ...
Moving beyond the definition used in earlier studies, the definition of rape specifically included those victimizations that occurred when the victim was "drunk, high, drugged, or passed out and unable to consent." It also measured sexual coercion by asking respondents if they experienced unwanted sexual penetration after being pressured in a nonphysical way. In addition, the survey included several items about unwanted sexual contact such as being made to penetrate someone else and several items about noncontact unwanted sexual experiences.15 Questions The specific screening questions on sexual violence victimization used in the NISVS asked about victimizations experienced in respondent's lifetime and during the previous 12 months (Black et al., 2011, p.
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From page 88... ...
• m ade you receive anal sex, meaning they put their penis into your anus? • m ade you perform oral sex, meaning that they put their penis in your mouth or made you penetrate their vagina or anus with your mouth?
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From page 89... ...
It provided prevalence rates. Table 5-4 shows the survey's 2010 prevalence estimates for completed forced penetration, attempted forced penetration, and alcohol- or drug-facilitated completed penetration -- both 12-month and lifetime -- by gender.
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From page 90... ...
Adult Women and Men Number of Victims Women, 18+ Completed forced penetration 0.5 620,000 12.3 14,617,000 Attempted forced penetration 0.4 519,000 5.2 6,199,000 Completed alcohol/drug- 0.7 781,000 8.0 9,524,000 facilitated penetration Total completed, attempted, 1.1 1,270,000 18.3 21,840,000 and completed alcohol/drug facilitated penetrationb Men, 18+ Completed forced penetration c c 0.9 970,000 Attempted forced penetration c c 0.4 499,000 Completed alcohol/drug- c c 0.6 685,000 facilitated penetration Total completed, attempted, c c 1.4 1,581,000 and completed alcohol/drug facilitated penetrationb aRounded to nearest thousand. bRespondents who reported more than one subcategory are counted only once in the total estimate but are included in each relevant subcategory.
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