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1 Introduction
Pages 3-10

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From page 3...
... , thaw permafrost change difficult. Among the most impor- also allows decomposition of sequestered organic mattant impacts of changing permafrost environments are ter, releasing currently stored soil carbon in the form of surface and subsurface hydrology, biota, biogeochemi- greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide and methane)
From page 4...
... Black arrows indicate water positive feedbacks; green arrows indicate vegetation-soils negative feedbacks. Because permafrost properties, such as soil temperatures and ground ice, are difficult to measure through remote sensing, measurement of multiple surface properties and modeling will be needed to determine permafrost characteristics.
From page 5...
... An example of a per FIGURE 1.2  The distribution of permafrost in the Arctic. An updated circumpolar permafrost distribution map will be released once each Arctic country produces its own updated permafrost map.
From page 6...
... partnership urges areas of degrading ice-rich permafrost. Development the development of remote sensing techniques to of thermokarst depressions and lakes will change local observe permafrost indirectly through connecting the hydrology and have an impact on biota and trace gas observable land surface properties with subsurface emissions (Figure 1.3)
From page 7...
... The international to understand how climate change affects ecosystems permafrost research community requires permafrostin the High Northern Latitude region and how these related products at a variety of spatial scales. To changes produce feedbacks to climate and are influ- this end, user organizations representing permafrost encing ecosystem services.
From page 8...
... -funded vey Alaska Climate Science Center, and the Western project Changing Permafrost in the Arctic and its Global Alaska Landscape Conservation Cooperative and is Effects in the 21st Century (PAGE21) , which started composed of members from different research commuin 2011, modeling groups are making extensive use nities, including the Geophysical Institute Permafrost of data products from DUE Permafrost.
From page 9...
... are available and might be used for detailed permafrost Chapter 1 (this chapter) provides background on studies after ground calibration to address many scien- permafrost characteristics, how the permafrost changes tific and practical questions related to changes in high- over time, and how it may impact other ecological latitude permafrost, including carbon cycle studies?


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