Building Capacity to Reduce Bullying Workshop Summary (2014) / Chapter Skim
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4 School-Based Interventions
4 School-Based Interventions
Pages 35-48
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From page 35... ...
• Recent school violence has led to a spate of new school safety measures, but these steps can cost millions of dollars and can deprive schools of resources that could be allocated to anti bullying programs and counseling services. (Cornell)
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(2008) , have argued that there are relatively few effective universal bullying prevention programs.
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For example, data from randomized, controlled trials of a model known as the Positive Behavior Support Framework found significant reductions of suspensions as well as bullying behavior, she said. Bradshaw concluded by recommending that bullying prevention programs contain the following core elements: • Teacher training • Activities for students • Parent activities • Multi-component programs
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In multi-component programs, it is important to provide training to classroom teachers concerning classroom management and what to do in bullying situations. "It sounds like a no-brainer," she said, "but there are programs that don't actually provide any training to teachers." Similarly, while parent engagement is a clear challenge for nearly all schools, school–home communication about bullying is particularly important in order to let parents and caregivers know about the strategies and lessons being taught in school, she said.
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Gottfredson's colleague Allison Payne, using the National Study Data, further demonstrated the importance of a communal social organization, in which students and adults know, care about, and support one another, have common goals and a sense of shared purpose, and actively contribute and feel personally committed to the school. Payne found that a communal social organization reduces student delinquency
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This study sent teams of ethnographers into six different communities that had experienced lethal school shootings to interview people and to collect records relevant to the incidents. The study is relevant to bullying because many of the shooters reported feeling bullied at school, Gottfredson said.
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A discipline policy team focused on developing a referral system for discipline; developing handbooks that were distributed to students, parents, and staff; and focusing on consistent enforcement of that discipline policy, Gottfredson said. The school climate team worked on developing and implementing a variety of different activities throughout the school year that engaged students in fun and constructive activities, such as school pride campaigns and a variety of extracurricular activities.
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Today, school administrators have to consider building security, school shooting drills, zero-tolerance practices, and the pressure for high-stakes testing, all of which they see as competing priorities. Recent school shootings have brought bullying to national attention because of a perceived link between bullying and these shootings, which has provided an important context for bullying prevention programs, Cornell said.
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From page 43... ...
In general, events such as the Sandy Hook shootings have exposed people throughout society to terrible images, thoughts, and fears, which have strongly influenced school practices, he said. Since those shootings, some schools have rushed to institute security measures such as bulletproof building entrances, metal detectors, x-ray screening, cameras, and increased school security personnel, Cornell said.
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Data from CDC, 2014a,b. of violence, he said, the focus should be on prevention and mental health services in schools, threat assessment, and bullying prevention programs.
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. Fourth, many bullying prevention programs have little or no scientific support, Cornell said, so policies need to encourage greater use of evidencebased programs.
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schools, she said. For example, many bullying prevention programs have been studied in suburban communities rather than in urban settings, which may influence the effect sizes of the interventions.
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SCHOOL-BASED INTERVENTIONS 47 quality of the implementation of the programs. When she and her colleagues collected information about the number of different programs that schools are implementing, she said, "we were astounded to see that the average school is implementing 17 different programs at the same time.
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