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The Global Movement and Tracking of Chemical Manufacturing Equipment A Workshop Summary (2014) / Chapter Skim
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4 The Security Dimension
Pages 15-22

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From page 15...
... , spoke on the topic of prevent- national-level laws that address criminal legislation, ing chemical weapons proliferation. Matthew Moakler, trade controls, and the reporting and monitoring of Foreign Affairs Officer in the U.S.
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From page 16...
... across international boundaries." Forman presented a brief history of chemical weapons, starting with World War I The first attempt at stopping the CHEMICAL WEAPONS NON-PROLIFERATION use of chemical weapons occurred in 1952 when countries The OPCW is the implementing body for the CWC, signed the Geneva Protocol and pledged not to use chemical the multilateral disarmament treaty for chemical weapons, weapons in war except in response to a chemical weapons explained Jonathan Forman.
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From page 17...
... to various public officials, including President Obama and Forman noted that ­ eaponization requires more than just w Senator John Wicker. chemicals and facilities that are creating weaponizable Addressing the impact of controlling the export of dualmaterials have a certain look to them that can serve as a use equipment, Moakler said that export controls help pretelltale sign for inspectors.
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From page 18...
... Therefore, any surface that comes in con- effective export controls and destroy any chemical weapons tact with them must be made of corrosion-resistant materials. stockpiles or production facilities, and visa screening that It is possible to use regular stainless steel equipment, which aims to identify individuals that are coming to the United is what Iraq was using at the end of its chemical weapons States solely, incidentally, or principally to violate or evade program, but these items must be replaced regularly because any law prohibiting the exports of goods, technology, or of corrosion, significantly increasing the cost of production sensitive information.
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From page 19...
... CHEMICAL EQUIPMENT EXPORT CONTROLS The 2011 report showed that fewer than half of the member nations had created a legal framework to account for the To start the session's final presentation, Elizabeth Scott production, use, storage, or transport of chemical weapons- Sangine reminded the workshop that the authority for the related materials, and even fewer countries had enforcement federal government to require industry to take the appropriate measures in place. For those countries with laws on the books, steps to control the export of equipment that could be used to very few had rules relating to accounting for equipment or make chemical weapons comes from the Export Administratechnology and fewer than half had measures in place to tion Act of 1970, when the primary worry was over the Soviet secure equipment, technologies, and related mate­rials.
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From page 20...
... "The reasons your export licenses might take She also said, "If you have a gut feeling that something is longer than you would like is if we don't really understand not right, apply for a license and let us be the ones to judge." what you are shipping or why," she told the workshop. "We Sangine ended her comments by stating, "We know really need this information when you apply." Applications chemical equipment and chemical production is global and for an export license should include information on the spe- we have these controls to make it harder for proliferators.
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From page 21...
... Jackson asked the speakers if they thought there should Kathryn Hughes asked if there are any efforts underway to be additional chemicals added to the schedules list. Forman educate and train chemical engineers so that they can identify replied that there does not seem to be the political will from things that might be questionable when they go visit other the member states to do that, and Cupitt said that this is really facilities.
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Key Terms

  • export controls
  • chemical equipment
  • chemical production
  • export control
  • export license

  • manufacturing equipment
  • export licenses
  • weapons production
  • biological weapons
  • mass destruction

  • chemical engineers
  • weapons programs
  • organic chemicals
  • production facilities
  • security council

  • jonathan forman
  • control lists
  • chemical security
  • chemical plant
  • chemical weapon

  • equipment export
  • effective export
  • sound export
  • export licensing
  • cal weapons

  • trade controls
  • nations security
  • include information
  • related materials
  • kathryn hughes


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