Building Infrastructure for International Collaborative Research in the Social and Behavioral Sciences Summary of a Workshop (2014) / Chapter Skim
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2 How Academic Institutions and Organizations Can Strengthen Infrastructure for International Collaborative Research
2 How Academic Institutions and Organizations Can Strengthen Infrastructure for International Collaborative Research
Pages 7-16
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From page 7... ...
Even when those policies and procedures have no obvious or intended connection to international work, they often nonetheless create obstacles. Merry Bullock, senior director, Office of International Affairs, American Psychological Association, noted that because of this many investigators find the academic environment inhospitable to international collaborations and see a need to change the culture in academia.
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as a strategic, coordinated process that seeks to align and integrate policies, programs, and initiatives to position colleges and universities as more globally oriented and internationally connected institutions." A crucial part of any institutional internationalization strategy would be to consider international background and experience at the hiring phase. Helms noted a growth in the number of institutions considering these factors in hiring faculty in nonexplicitly international fields.
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Giving a specific office within the college responsibility for functions related to international research collaborations creates a central place for faculty wanting to participate in or learn about international collaborations, she continued. Building international capacity within a college entails funding faculty travel and sending faculty, especially early-career faculty, to 1 American Council on Education (ACE)
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Such travel is also crucial for both students and faculty to develop the attitudes and skills that compose intercultural competence. This essential requirement for effective international work is best developed experientially, through living contact with differing cultures.
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Second, IRBs may pay insufficient attention to confidentiality, especially in light of rapidly changing communication technologies. This risk exists in all research today, not just international projects, but international work can add additional issues, she said.
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The skills involved in intercultural competence include • Multiperspectivity -- the ability to decenter from one's own perspective and to take other people's perspectives into consideration in addition to one's own. • Skills in interpreting other cultural practices, beliefs, and values and relating them to one's own.
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This last action may entail any or all of the following actions: • Expressing opposition when there are expressions of prejudice or acts of discrimination against individuals or groups; • Challenging cultural stereotypes and prejudices; • Encouraging positive attitudes toward the contributions to society made by individuals irrespective of their cultural affiliations; and • Mediating in situations of cultural conflict. Adapted and abridged from "Developing Intercultural Competence through Education," by Martyn Barrett, Michael Byram, Ildikò Lázár, Pascale Mompoint-Gaillard, and Stavroula Philippou.
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In another case, when an appropriate local reviewer for Papua New Guinea could not be found in Ohio to help with six or seven studies, the IRB contacted experts in that country and started collaborating with them, ultimately bringing them several times to the United States, where Case Medical Center taught them what the institution meant by responsible cognitive research. Most importantly, the visiting experts taught the IRB what responsible cognitive research meant within their own culture, where ways of gaining consent are very different, especially for women.
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PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS Looking at other infrastructure, Bullock noted that professional associations and funders also have roles to play in facilitating international research. Journals and associations sometimes set policies governing authorship of publications that may inadvertently discourage international collaborations.
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16 BUILDING INFRASTRUCTURE that help researchers understand and overcome the many, often unfamiliar, problems and issues that can arise in international collaborations. The American Psychological Association, for example, offers resources on the international section of its website, as do such organizations as the Social Psychology Network and the International Union of Psychological Science, which maintains a website called Psychology Resources Around the World.
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