Research Priorities to Inform Public Health and Medical Practice for Ebola Virus Disease Workshop in Brief (2014) / Chapter Skim
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Research Priorities to Inform Public Health and Medical Practice for Ebola Virus Disease: Workshop in Brief
Research Priorities to Inform Public Health and Medical Practice for Ebola Virus Disease: Workshop in Brief
Pages 1-10
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Improving the knowledge about the viruses' characteristics and how they relate to human exposure and infection could lead to improved medical and public health guidance and measures, said Goldman, and could help provide public health officials and the general public with accurate information about health risks and appropriate public health and medical interventions. At the request of the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR)
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In this context, she charged participants to explore and prioritize research questions to address and identify data that need to be collected in real time to best inform the current medical and public health response as well as informing and improving future responses (see Box 1 for full statement of task) .4 Current Knowledge of Ebola and the 2014 EVD Outbreak Existing Knowledge Base and Uncertainty Dr.
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Observations and Lessons from West Africa Bausch discussed challenges observed during the current EVD outbreak across affected countries in West Africa and the impact these challenges may have on performing research. Highlighting labor, infrastructure, and PPE as some of the top issues, he also commented that there are ethical and logistical considerations when introducing research in this type of emergency response.
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Regarding susceptibility, a few participants raised questions about co-factors such as immune function, pregnancy, age, homelessness, or mental health status that would be important to better understand who might be more likely to contract EVD and if some are more susceptible to low levels of inoculum. Discussion leaders Andy Pavia, Eric Toner, and Thomas Ksiazek6 presented research questions that should be addressed now (see Box 2)
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. 8 Jeff Duchin, M.D., is chief of the Communicable Disease Epidemiology & Immunization Section for Public Health–Seattle & King County, Washington, and professor of medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Adjunct Professor in the School of Public Health and Community Medicine at the University of Washington.
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a These questions reflect points made by individual speakers and participants and do not reflect consensus among workshop participants. Personal Protective Equipment and Behaviors Protecting health care workers was a concept that was brought up throughout the workshop discussion, beginning with perspectives from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
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. Waste Handling and Management Although not always included in discussions related to public health emergencies, issues and concerns surrounding handling of infected materials and waste management have received much attention during this outbreak, partially due to the lack of knowledge regarding survival on different surfaces and in different types of media.
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Both Lowe and Olinger agreed that treatment of EVD patients generated far more waste than many realize, with Lowe stating that a 3-week stay for one patient generated more than 1,000 pounds of waste requiring special treatment and disposal. During his remarks, Paul Lemieux from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
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Although speakers from University of Nebraska and Emory hospitals detailed intensive steps to decontaminate patient waste and their communication with water authorities in their respective jurisdictions, Lemieux confirmed that the EPA currently does not have wastewater guidelines for Ebola. Assisting as a discussion leader, Dan Hanfling10 presented research questions related to waste handling and management (see Box 5 on previous page)
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The statements made are those of the authors or individual meeting participants and do not necessarily represent the views of all meeting participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies. REVIEWERS: To ensure that it meets institutional standards for quality and objectivity, this workshop in brief was reviewed by Mike Osterholm, Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy; Debra Sharpe, Sharpe Solutions International, LLC; Scott Mugno, FedEx Ground; David Sundwall, University of Utah School of Medicine; Mark Kortepeter, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Kristine Gebbie, Flinders University School of Nursing; and James Johnson, JSJ and Associates.
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