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Nutrition Issues in Developing Countries Part I: Diarrheal Diseases, Part II: Diet and Activity During Pregnancy and Lactation (1992) / Chapter Skim
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7 Conclusions and Recommendations
Pages 187-189

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From page 187...
... Epidemiologic studies, mostly from developing countries, strongly suggest that women who are underweight before pregnancy and who have insufficient energy intakes dunog pregnancy are at higher risk of delivering growth-retarded infants. Improving the nutrition of women during pregnancy and lactation reduces the risk of ~ntrautenne growth retardation arid may improve lactation performance.
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From page 188...
... Greater efforts should be made to examine effects on outcomes beyond fetal growth and gestational duration, including lactation performance; maternal outcomes of pregnant (e.g., complications of delivery, duration of labor, ges~tional hypertension and pre-eclampsia, and subsequent health and nutrition status) ; and neonatal mortality, morbidity, growth, and functional performance.
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From page 189...
... At present, in spite of the meager evidence at hand, it appears reasonable to promote programs that attempt to reduce energy expenditure and improve nutrition in pregnant and lactating women. These programs should complement, rather than replace, en-sting nutritional and prenatal and postnatal care programs designed to improve the health and nutrition of women of reproductive age before, during, and after pregnancy and lactation.
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Key Terms

  • fetal growth
  • intrauterine growth
  • energy balance
  • lactation performance
  • growth retardation

  • preterm delivery
  • reproductive performance
  • energy expenditure
  • lactating women
  • ecological conditions

  • firm inferences
  • foremost recommendation
  • low weight
  • strenuous exercise
  • physiological mechanisms

  • overly simplistic
  • energy requirements
  • mammary gland
  • countries suggest
  • specific population

  • promote programs
  • developing country
  • increased risk
  • maternal health
  • reduce energy

  • contractile activity
  • strenuous physical
  • effects occur
  • pregnant women
  • gestational duration


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