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Water Erosion and Damage to Coastal Structures
Pages 223-246

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From page 223...
... Table 12-1 presents the percentage of destroyed beachfront structures along the barrier coast of South Carolina. DAMAGE DESCRIPTIONS Seabrook Island The most heavily developed portion of Seabrook Island is a planned resort community of town houses and multiunit condominiums.
From page 224...
... Surfside Garden City Pawleys Island Folly Beach Others 7 43 23 20 7 A destroyed structure is defined as one in which the structural damage is greater than 66.67 percent. Source: South Carolina Coastal Council.
From page 225...
... Figure 12-1 shows a frame structure with four concrete columns seated on four 14-inch-square piles. After discussions with the design architect and the county building inspector, the investigative team concluded that this structure fared well for five reasons: I
From page 226...
... 2. There is no fronting beach to dissipate wave energy, causing heavy wave runup and overtopping.
From page 227...
... Sullivan's Island and Isle of Palms Sullivan's Island and Isle of Palms are part of the same barrier island chain, separated by Breach Inlet. They have a combined length of about 11 mi, with the major axis oriented northeast-southwest.
From page 228...
... This appeared to be directly related to the beach width in front of the structures. The Sea Cabin Condominiums at Ocean Boulevard and 14th Avenue sustained heavy water damage.
From page 229...
... Until the last 2 years, building code enforcement was rather lax and relied on individual communities. Now, Horry County, which has jurisdiction over most of the affected areas, has adopted the Standard Building Code and intends to strengthen inspection and enforcement.
From page 230...
... Immediately after the hurricane, debris was piled 20 ft high at intersections, which made passage to the second row impossible from either side. On the north end of Garden City, south of Atlantic Avenue, destruction of the first row of houses was almost complete for four or five blocks.
From page 231...
... . ~ ~ ~ FIGURE 12-5 A two-story concrete residential structure collapsed under its own weight because of weak foundation (Garden City)
From page 232...
... Unlike Surfside, many waterfront swimming pools and spas survived structurally, although the quality of protective seawall structures was found to be similarly poor. This difference might be partially attributed to the recent beach nourishment along Myrtle Beach.
From page 233...
... Water Erosion and Damage to Coastal Structures FIGURE 12-6 Structure with foundation on grade totally demolished by wave force. FIGURE 12-7a Structure built on slab floated away from foundation and deposited 100 ft away.
From page 234...
... Above ground, masonry piers are inferior to wood or poured concrete piers. Masonry piers often failed because of inadequate reinforcement, poor workmanship on masonry fills, and weak joints between blocks (Figure 12-10~.
From page 235...
... .. FIGURE 12-9 Bulky shallow footing promoted scouring around it.
From page 236...
... 236 Humcane Hugo FIGURE 12-10 Masonry pier made of concrete blocks failed because of weak joint and inadequate fill. FIGURE 12-lla Poured concrete piers buckled under lateral load.
From page 237...
... BOURE 12-llb Brokon pleas remand luad~qua[o placomen[ of ro~rc~g ban nGURE 12-12 Bad joint bo[~en plor Id Hotly ~ a common muse of aura.
From page 238...
... Water forces would most certainly destroy them, puncturing or tearing apart that portion of the main structure connected to them (Figure 12-13~. Structural accessories such as ground floor garage doors, air conditioners, water tanks, and nonbreakaway walls contributed to additional damage to the main structures.
From page 239...
... Water Erosion and Damage to Coastal Strictures FIGURE 12-13a House with access ramp to beach (prior to Hugo) FIGURE 12-13b The access ramp washed into the house as a result of wave force.
From page 240...
... One small mobile home park south of Myrtle Beach did suffer heavy damage, but this was mainly because of low elevation, rather than inadequate tiedowns. Coastal Structures Seawalis Seawalis are numerous in the affected region.
From page 241...
... : ~ 241 FIGURE 12-15 Inadequate and improper nailing caused the floor joist to separate from floor beams.
From page 242...
... 242 FIGURE 12-16 Overtopping induced seawall failure. FIGURE 12-17 Underdesigned return wall was common.
From page 243...
... Along Folly Beach, Sullivan's Island, Isle of Palms, Pawleys Island, and Garden Cibr, groins are interspersed, with a few areas of high density. Damage to them was surprisingly light, possibly because the high surge level simply submerged them.
From page 244...
... 3. Wide beaches and high dunes contribute significantly to abating storm surges.
From page 245...
... Major revision of building codes to meet a stricter standard is not warranted. The experience of Hurricane Hugo suggests that enforcement of modern building codes and better construction inspection could drastically reduce hurricane-induced damage in the future.
From page 246...
... 246 Humca~e Hugo REFERENCES Dolan, R., B Haydan, and S


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