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Emerging Infections Microbial Threats to Health in the United States (1992) / Chapter Skim
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INDEX
Pages 283-294

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From page 283...
... angladesh, 130- 131, 149 overseas laboratories, 126 Program in Worldwide Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases/HIV, 131 Agriculture, 43-44, 64-65, 86-87 antibiotics use, 64 migrant workers, 29, 80-81 pesticides use, 14, 20, 102, 165 283 AIDS, see HIV infection and disease Aircraft, 23 Alexandrium spp., 68 Amblyomma americanum, 206 Anaerobic bacteria, 66 Animals, see Epizootics; Zoonoses; specific types of animals Anisakiasis, 69-70, 247-248 Anopheles spp., 41 Antimicrobial drugs, see Drugs Aquaculture, 65 Arboviruses, 44, 45, 76-77, 81 see also Mosquitoes; specific virus types Arenaviruses, 46 Arthropods, 13, 44, 45 see also Fleas; Lice; Mosquitoes; Pesticides; Ticks; Vector control Asian tiger mosquito, 30 Aswan Dam, 71 Atherosclerosis, 104- 105 Attenuated organisms, 153- 154 Avian influenza, 19, 87 AZT, 100 Aztec Indians, 24
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From page 284...
... , 9, 148 Foreign Quarantine Division, 23 Hospital Infections Program, 4, 58, 121 Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP) , 153 National Center for Infectious Diseases (NCID)
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From page 285...
... , 3, 118- 120 DDT, 20, 165 Deer, 28, 73, 75, 76 285 Dengue, 30, 44, 49-51, 78, 221-222 Department of Defense (DoD) , 151-152 overseas labs, 5, 9- 10, 126, 127, 148-149, 261 Diama Dam, 71-72 Diarrheal diseases, 130- 131, 239 240 Diet, 69 Disasters, 71 DNA, 84, 88-89 Drought, 64 Drug abuse, 53, 54-56, 104 Drugs, 1, 10, 12, 20, 159-160 agricultural use, 64 antimalarial, 29, 93, 100- 101 antiviral, 98-100 and Helicobacter pyroli, 29 and HIV, 100 resistance to, 29, 31-32, 58-59, 64, 92-101, 159-160 see also Acyclovir; Beta-lactam antibiotics; Foscarnet; Methicillin; Penicillin; Vancomycin Duodenal ulcers, 28-29 EEastern equine encephalitis, 30 Ebola virus, 83, 222-223 Economic factors, 33 pesticide development, 14, 164165 vaccine development, 11 - 12, 152, 153, 154-155 see also Costs and cost effectiveness Education and training international coordination, 8-9 professional, 8- 10, 140, 144- 150 pass~m public, 14, 167-168
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From page 286...
... , 9, 148 Epidemics, 21, 32 see also specific diseases Epizootics, 22, 46, 65 plague, 17- 18 Erythema infectiosum, 232-233 Erythema migrans, 27, 73, 74 Escherichia colt, 63, 207 Ethiopia, smallpox cases, 25, 117 Europe Black Death in, 17 harbor seal epizootic, 46 Lyme disease outbreaks, 76 smallpox in, 24 Spanish flu in, 18- 19 Extramural grant programs, 9, 147148 F Family Health International, Inc., 131 Fecal contamination, 70 and cholera, 107- 108 Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering and INDEX Technology (FCCSET) , Committee on Life Sciences, 3,5, 120 Federal government, 3, 5 HIV response, 56-57, 168 research and development, 8-10, 144- 149 surveillance activities, 3-5, 120121 and vaccine development, 11 12, 151, 155, 159 see also Centers for Disease Control; Department of Defense; Food and Drug Administration; Intergovernmental coordination; National Institutes of Health; Public Health Service; Treasury Department Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)
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From page 287...
... , 153 Immunosuppression, 48, 51-54, 64, 99 Imports, see Trade and trade restrictions Indians, 24 Industry, see Organizational factors; Private sector Infection, definition of, 42 Influenza, 15, 18- 19, 46, 86-87, 235-236 surveillance, 123, 124, 130, 132, 158
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From page 288...
... facilities, 5, 9-10, 125-131, 134, 261-263 LaCrosse virus, 160, 218-219 Land use factors, 28, 43-44, 67, 71-73, 76 Lassa fever, 78, 79, 128, 237-238 Legal issues, see Liability claims; Regulation Legionnaires' disease, 209-210
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From page 289...
... , 9, 147 National Cooperative Drug Development Groups (NCDDG)
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From page 290...
... , 3, 118- 120 National Vaccine Program Office, 151, 153 Native Americans, 24 Natural disasters, 71 INDEX Naval Medical Research Units, 149, 261 Nematodes, 69 listing of, 247-259 passim Nephropathia epidemics, 82 New Orleans, La., yellow fever outbreak, 156 New York Lyme disease outbreak, 75 measles outbreak, 110 New York Medical Society, 21 Nigeria, 42 Nile River Valley, Rift Valley fever in, 71 Norwalk and related agents, 239240 Nosocomial infections, 57-59, 6163, 93, 94 surveillance, 4, 62-63, 121 - 122 Notifiable diseases, 3, 118- 121 Nurse-to-patient ratios, 61 Nursing homes, 61-62 o Opportunistic infections, 52-53 Oral rehydration therapy, 108 Oral vaccines, 153 Organizational factors, 7, 15, 108, 137-142, 151-153, 159-160 interagency coordination, 3, 5 intergovernmental coordination, 3, 7, 139-140 international coordination, 5-7, 8-10, 131, 134-137 private/public coordination, 3, 11-12, 140, 152-160 Organ transplants, 61 p Packaging of foods, 66 Panama Canal, 20
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From page 291...
... , 4-5, 22-23, 140- 142 National Vaccine Program Office, 151, 153 Purchase guarantees, 11, 12, 155 Puumala virus, 82, 224-225 Pyrethrum, 163 Q Quarantine, 21-23, 24 Quinine, 100 Quinolones, 93 R Rabies, 153, 240-241 Ragusa Republic, quarantine, 2122 Rats, 16, 82 Reagents, and virus infection, 82, 84 Reforestation, see Forests and reforestation Refugees, 111 Regional programs and factors, 13, 28, 70, 72-73, 162-163 Regulation of food imports, 68 of pesticides, 13- 14, 20-21, 163 166 of vaccines, 11, 152-153, 154 Reporting of diseases, 3, 73, 119120, 121 Request for proposals (RFP) , 8, 146-147 Research and development, 142144 Federal support, 8- 10, 11 - 12, 144-149, 159 international coordination, 8-9, 33, 143- 150 passim vaccines, 143, 151-159
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From page 292...
... , 55 Slaughterhouses, 21 Slave trade, 44 Smallpox, 23-25, 77-78, 116 eradication program, 25, 115118 South America cholera outbreak, 107 smallpox introduced in, 24 Spanish flu, 18- 19 Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) , 100, 143 Staffing shortages, 144 Staphylococci, 59, 66, 93, 94, 213214 State government, 7, 32, 120 see also Intergovernmental coordination Stockpiling of pesticides, 13, 164 of vaccines, 11-12, 156, 158159 Streptococcal infections, 34-35, 93-94, 214-215 Strongyloides stercoralis, 258-259 Surge capacity, for vaccine production, 11-12, 158-159 Surgery, 59 Surveillance, 2-3, 32-33, 113- 123 food-borne diseases, 63-64 influenza, 123, 124, 130, 132, 158 international coordination, 5-7, 32-33, 125-137, 159 nosocomial diseases, 4, 62-63, 121-122 notifiable diseases, 3, 118- 121 smallpox, 115- 118 telephone hotlines, 3, 121 Sushi, 69
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From page 293...
... , 15, 21, 30-31, 53-54, 95-97, 138-139, 212 213 drug resistant, 31, 121 293 TWAR infection, 203-204 Typhus, 112 U Ulcers, 28-29 United Kingdom BSE epizootic, 65 harbor seal epizootic, 46 Universal Blood and Body Fluid Precautions, 62 Urban areas, 43-44, 49, 50, 55 Urinary tract infections, 59 U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 27, 46, 83 U.S.
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From page 294...
... , 100, 143 surveillance activities, 132- 133, 263-264 Vaccine Development Programme (VDP) , 143 see also Pan American Health Organization World War I, 18 - 19, 112 World War II, 29, 111, 112 Wound infection, 199-200 y Yale Arbovirus Research Unit (YARU)
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Key Terms

  • rift valley
  • international coordination
  • valley fever
  • organizational factors
  • vector control

  • hiv infection
  • infectious diseases
  • notifiable diseases
  • disease research
  • surveillance activities

  • vaccine development
  • intergovernmental coordination
  • overseas labs
  • disease outbreak
  • research units

  • trade restrictions
  • yellow fever
  • cost effectiveness
  • virus infection
  • epidemiology training

  • army medical
  • nosocomial diseases
  • american health
  • diseases surveillance
  • field epidemiology

  • international center
  • pan american
  • specific types
  • national cooperative
  • research unit


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