Geochemistry and the Environment Volume I: The Relation of Selected Trace Elements to Health and Disease (1974) / Chapter Skim
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42 THE RELATION OF SELECTED TRACE ELEMENTS TO HEALTH AND DISEASE Foulks, J., G Mudge, and A
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VI Cadmium, Zinc, and Lead HAROLD H SANDSTEAD, Chairman William H
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44 THE RELATION OF SELECTED TRACE ELEMENTS TO HEALTH AND DISEASE et al., 1969)
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Cadmium, Zinc, and Lead 45 TABLE14 Cadmium Content and Zinc/Cadmium Ratio of Some Foods Cadmium Content by Investigator, ppm (wet wt) Zn/Cd Ratio Food Type a b Vegetables Potatoes 0.03 0.017 Onions O.oi 0.0071 Carrots 0.30 0 Cabbage 0.07 0 Kohlrabi 0.09 Beans, kidney 0.07 Beans, string, fresh 0.01 Tomato, fresh 0.03 0.013 Tomato, canned 0.02 0.044 Greens 0.06 Peas, green, fresh 0.04 Spinach, fresh 0.45 0.064 Beans, string, canned O.o3 0.024 Grains Com (cornmeal)
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46 THE RELATION OF SELECTED TRACE ELEMENTS TO HEALTH AND DISEASE TABLE IS Range and Average Values for Food Consumption and Cadmium and Zinc Content of Institutional Total Diets, Jan.-Dec. 1967a Food Consumption, Cadmium Content, Zinc Content, Zn/Cd Ratio Location kg/d mg/kg mg/kg (average)
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TABLE 16 Concentration of Cadmium and Zinc in Rice (unpolished) and Soil on Which the Plant Was Growrf Concentration in Concentration in Sample Rice, ppm Soil, ppm Category No.
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48 THE RELATION OF SELECTED TRACE ELEMENTS TO HEALTH AND DISEASE determined whether the above safety factor is too high. Friberg et a/.
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20-88 ppm. Normal concentrations of cadmium in soils are usually well below 1 ppm.
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50 THE RELATION OF SELECTED TRACE ELEMENTS TO HEALTH AND DISEASE TABLE18 Metal Content in Sludge Samples Where Digestor Failures Occurred4 Concentration by Metal, ppm (dry wt) City Heated Zn Cr A No 2,000 2600 8 Yes 5,100 2700 C-1 Yes 7,400 5250 C-2 Yes 5,100 3600 D-1 Yes 5,000 2350 D-2 Yes 6,000 3000 D-3 Yes 5,600 3300 D-4 Yes 5,900 3200 E Yes 1,300 200 F Yes 13,800 9100 G No 1,400 4000 H No 21,200 1300 a Adapted from Regan and Peters ( 1 972 )
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Schroeder et aL (1967) report that refming can decrease the zinc/cadmium ratio in flour, and they cite a study by Moritsugu and Kobayashi ( 1964)
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52 THE RELATION OF SELECTED TRACE ELEMENTS TO HEALTH AND DISEASE is more available, such as meat. For example, beef steak contains nearly 60 ppm while pork and eggs may contain roughly 20 ppm.
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4. detennination of the zinc status of various well-defined populations and relation of these fmdings to other parameters of nutritional status; and 5.
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54 THE RELATION OF SELECTED TRACE ELEMENTS TO HEALTH AND DISEASE unresolved. A detailed metabolic study of such individuals with regards to lead would be of value.
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2. studies of populations exposed to high ambient lead to evaluate the hypothesis that it is harmful (to include indepth clinical studies)
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