Nutritional Needs in Hot Environments Applications for Military Personnel in Field Operations (1993) / Chapter Skim
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2. Conclusions and Recommendations
2. Conclusions and Recommendations
Pages 45-52
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From page 45... ...
Recent evidence suggests that slight increases in protein may be required for work in hot environments; however, the Military Recommended Dietary Allowance (MRDA) for protein already includes an amount sufficient to meet this increased level given adequate consumption of kilocalories.
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From page 46... ...
provide for these changes? The variations in nutrient requirements, including sodium, that may occur as a result of working and sweating in a hot environment are reasonably covered by the nutrient content of the MRDAs, because the MRDAs provide generous allowances over most nutrient requirements.
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From page 47... ...
With the hydration regimens in place in the military, which appear to encourage adequate fluid intake, and the awareness among military personnel of potential heat stroke, the observation in laboratory animals of markedly decreased food intake to prevent hyperthermia is probably not a significant concern within the military population. Other factors such as psychological stress may further depress food intake.
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From page 48... ...
Maintenance of states of proper hydration was also identified as the most critical issue facing soldiers in desert environments in an Army report on food management issues written during Operation Desert Storm (Norman and Gaither, 1991~. The recent CMNR report Fluid Replacement and Heat Stress (Marriott and Rosemont, 1991)
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From page 49... ...
Maintaining adequate food intake in the temperature extremes of hot environments to meet caloric needs is a higher priority than concern over small differences in energy requirements. RECOMMENDATIONS On the basis of the papers presented by the invited speakers, discussion at the workshop, and subsequent committee deliberations, the Committee on
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From page 50... ...
Of primary consideration is maintaining adequate fluid intake to avoid dehydration and consequent decreased food intake. This topic has been addressed in a previous CMNR report, Fluid Replacement and Heat Stress (Marriott and Rosemont, 19911.
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From page 51... ...
Future Research Needs · The observed decreases in food intake in hot environments and the previous lack of research emphasis on this subject urge the investigation of factors that affect food intake in a hot ambient environment. Such factors include but are not limited to the following: environmental conditions in the dining situation such as meal setting, menu item variability, food item temperature, social setting, and meal timing and frequency; ethnic and gender differences in food preferences; —the relationship of food preferences to climate, with a focus on carefully controlled studies of the same individuals in temperate and hot environments (both dry and humid)
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From page 52... ...
· The committee has noted in a number of research projects presented for its review, that there is a decrease in food intake of military personnel under operational conditions regardless of environmental climate. Based on these results it is recommended that a study be conducted to determine why soldiers don't consume adequate amounts of food to maintain body weight under operational conditions, and to evaluate steps that may be taken to achieve adequate ration intake.
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