Sea Change 2015-2025 Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences (2015) / Chapter Skim
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2 Ocean Science Priorities for 2015-2025
2 Ocean Science Priorities for 2015-2025
Pages 27-38
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Future core program and the 2014 Ocean Sciences Meeting (Honolulu, Hawaii) ; funding is likely to address many aspects of the scientific from over 400 responses on a web-based Virtual Town Hall priorities identified in this report, but it will also support a that was open from November 2013 to March 2014; from broad range of work not directly related to these priorities -- ~300 challenging ocean science topics embedded in more for example, addressing long-standing issues that may not than 30 NSF, federal agency, research community, National be transformative but where making progress remains vital, Research Council (NRC)
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, climate-ocean ecosystems) that captured both disciplinary and the National Ocean Policy Implementation Plan and integrative aspects of ocean science.
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For example, understanding the mechanisms situ and satellite measurements of rates of sea level change, that control biodiversity and food web structure also has predictive models, and policies for mitigation and adaptation. relevance for managing marine ecosystems and tracking en Collaborations within NSF, for example, with the Division vironmental contaminants.
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On withdrawal and sea level rise? shorter time scales, warmer, fresher surface waters could • How will the pathways and processes that redistribute decrease the convective mixing and overturning circulation or concentrate pollutants change with altered sedi- that carries heat into the deep ocean.
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to generate models for better understanding of the roles that While it is often assumed that more diverse ecosystems are biodiversity -- species, genetic, functional -- may play in a more resilient to change, there is considerable debate in the changing ocean. Understanding the roles of biodiversity contemporary literature; thus, the importance of protecting in the resilience and productivity of marine ecosystems is marine diversity as a primary ecosystem conservation objec- fundamental to answering a number of practical questions, tive is yet unresolved.
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tions that involve both bottom-up and top-down control, with • To what extent will species, genetic, or functional implications for ecosystem stability and future human use. biodiversity be affected by acidification, warming, Understanding how food web dynamics respond to changing sea level rise, freshwater dynamics, hypoxia, and climate and human use patterns could shed light on how pro exploitation?
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role in slope stability through sea level changes? How • How does a heterogeneous mantle contribute to dy- do methane seeps influence slope stability and what namic changes in topography at the Earth's surface?
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While there is some dis- derive energy from inorganic compounds in agreement regarding the size of the organic carbon reservoir the absence of light and obtain carbon in the and microbial activity in subseafloor sediments and igneous form of carbon dioxide, despite the discovery rocks, the presence of a vast metabolizing community be- of chemosynthesis by Winogradsky 90 years neath the seafloor raises the possibility that current estimates previously. of global carbon biomass and cycling may require substantial In the late 1970s, the paradigm for the basis revision and that global biogeochemical fluxes and cycles of life on Earth was fundamentally changed may be significantly affected by subseafloor processes when scientists from several collaborating throughout the global ocean.
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younger scientists, and because such research will be es In the past, programs like the World Ocean Circulation sential to achieve many of the decadal science priorities, it Experiment, the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) , is vital that the ocean science community is encouraged to the Ridge Interdisciplinary Global Experiments (RIDGE)
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2011. Potential impacts of climate change on Northeast Jellywatch7 uses cell phones as sensors for citizen-science Pacific marine food webs and fisheries.
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2013b. National Ocean Policy Implementation cal Monographs 65: 75-100.
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2006. Dynamic Changes in Marine Ecosystems: Fishing, Food Webs, as a consequence of sea-level rise.
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