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1 Introduction
Pages 1-10

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From page 1...
... In most low- and middle-income countries health systems are evolving to increasingly rely on the private sector (e.g., health providers from different parts of the private sector, corporations, social enterprises, and philanthropy) because the public sector lacks the infrastructure and staff to meet all health care needs. With growing individual assets available for private-sector expenditure, patients often seek better access to technology, staff, and medicines.
From page 2...
... In the global workforce of approximately 3 billion people, only 10 to 15 percent are estimated to have some type of access to occupational health services. The informal workforce is growing worldwide, and the degree to which its occupational health needs are satisfied depends on the capabilities of the general health care system.
From page 3...
... Many of the presenters described the roles of the existing PPPs that are engaged in promoting universal health coverage and meeting the occupational health and safety needs for informal workers. The overall workshop objective was to illuminate best practices and lessons learned for the informal workforce in developing countries in the financing of health care with respect to health care delivery models that are especially suitable to meeting a population's needs for a variety of occupational health issues, including the prevention or mitigation of hazardous risks and the costs of providing medical and rehabilitation services and other benefits to various types of workers within this population.
From page 4...
... (WHO, 2015a) The United Nations General Assembly has defined UHC as a situation in which "all people have access, without discrimination, to nationally determined sets of the needed promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative basic health services and essential, safe, affordable, effective and quality medicines, while ensuring that the use of these services does not expose the users to financial hardship, with a special emphasis on the poor, vulnerable and marginalized segments of the population."2 Health System The WHO's Framework for Action defines health system as follows: A health system consists of all organizations, people, and actions whose primary intent is to promote, restore, or maintain health.
From page 5...
... in which employment and production take place. Ten years later in 2003, following from the 2002 International Labour Conference resolution on Decent Work and the Informal Economy, the 17th ICLS defined the concept of "informal employment."3 Informal employment refers to all employment arrangements that leave individuals without social protection through their work, no matter whether the economic units they operate in or work for are formal enterprises, informal enterprises, or households.
From page 6...
... M • Persons in informal employment outside the informal sector, specifically o Employees in formal enterprises not covered by social pro tection, national labor legislation, or entitlement to certain employment benefits such as paid annual or sick leave; o Paid domestic workers not covered by social protection, national labor legislation, or entitlement to certain employ ment benefits such as paid annual or sick leave; and o ontributing family workers working in formal enterprises. C In summary, there are three related statistical terms and definitions based on ICLS resolutions/guidelines: The "informal sector" refers to unincorporated enterprises that may also be unregistered or small; "informal employment" refers to employment without social protection through work both inside and outside the informal sector; and the "informal economy" refers to all units, activities, and workers so defined and the output from them.
From page 7...
... Marleece Barber from Lockheed Martin shared her insights on the role of the employer in providing and extending coverage and also addressing occupational health. Orielle Solar from the University of Chile Medical School described efforts to map the informal workforce and health coverage in Latin America.
From page 8...
... In the global workforce of approximately 3 billion people, however, only 10–15 percent has some type of access to occupational health services. An ad hoc committee will plan a public workshop of at least 2 full days in length to illuminate best practices and lessons learned in the financing of health care for the informal labor force in LMICs; the best practices with respect to health care delivery models that are especially suitable to meet needs; a variety of oc cupational health issues, including the best practices for preventing or mitigating hazardous risks as well as the costs of providing medical and rehabilitation ser vices and other benefits to various types of workers in the informal sector.
From page 9...
... In some cases, more than one presentation from a single country is included to provide a deeper and more diverse overall picture of the experience within the country. Vilma Santana from the Federal University of Bahia presented on building the National Occupational Health Services Network in Brazil; Charu Garg from the Institute for Human Development presented on inequities in financing, coverage, and utilization of health care by informal sector workers; Mirai Chatterjee from SEWA presented ideas for action from experiences in India; Hanifa Denny from Diponegoro University presented on the effectiveness of occupational health interventions for the informal sectors and options for delivery in Indonesia; Barry Kistnasamy from the Department of Health in South Africa presented on services to workers in the informal economy in that country; Francie Lund from the University of KwaZulu University presented on OHS and the inclusion of informal workers in South Africa; Laura Alfers from WIEGO presented on linking occupational health and universal health coverage in South Africa and Ghana; Somsak Chunharas from the National Health Foundation in Thailand presented on the UHC system and informal workers in that country; Orrapan Untimanon from the ministry of public health in Thailand presented on OHS delivery for informal workers and financial resources within the country; Poonsap Tulaphan from HomeNet Thailand presented on experiences from a pilot project on OHS promotion for informal workers; and Karen Sichinga from the Churches Health Association of Zambia presented on the country's experiences with PPPs in health.


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