Currently Skimming:
5 Community Intervention Efforts to Reduce IPV in the Region
5 Community Intervention Efforts to Reduce IPV in the Region
Pages 43-56
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From page 43... ...
MENKEN Referenced elsewhere in this summary, speaker Charlotte Watts of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine explained in her presentations that IPV and GBV are often extreme manifestations of gender inequality. As the following discussions will show, the power of community mobilization efforts to influence these inequities and other prevalent social norms in a short period of time is enormous.
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From page 44... ...
Furthermore, the influence and power held by men in communities, relationship, and families is disproportionately high. Seeking to explore these dynamics in a more scientific fashion with the aim of developing effective programming specific to the organization's focus areas, MenKen developed a descriptive cross-sectional study that used a survey to assess a myriad of factors related to GBV, including childhood experiences; health services access and condom use; sexual partners; opinion on laws related to violence against women; and male privilege in the community throughout four different sites in Western Kenya.
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From page 45... ...
This was due to their belief that merely changing or altering the behavior of men on an individual basis is not enough -- they must change the entire culture surrounding violence and the ways that communities and societies act in complicity with the existing culture. First and foremost, MenKen sought to develop their methods for engaging men in changing this culture of violence.
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From page 46... ...
This support goes beyond medical care and counseling; it connects survivors to the resources they need to seek legal recourse against their attacker if that is what they desire. MenKen is also working to directly strengthen Kenyan policies related to violence against women by helping law makers construct more efficient and effective laws that can be enforced throughout the country.
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From page 47... ...
Additionally there are indirect methods, such as gender inequality and social norms condoning violence against women; the clustering of risk factors that increase individual men's and women's risk of IPV and HIV; and the disclosure of a positive HIV status, which may increase an individual's likelihood of experiencing IPV. These four pathways informed the SHARE intervention, which includes a community-level mobilization approach that seeks to change attitudes, social norms, and behaviors related to IPV and HIV risk as well as IPV screening and brief intervention efforts to promote safe HIV disclosure and risk reduction among women seeking HIV counseling and testing services.
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From page 48... ...
Upon completion of all testing phases, a final evaluation was performed in 2010. Wagman explained that, in addition to using the existing physical infrastructure of the Rakai health system, the intervention also built on the existing HIV-intervention programming by encouraging all of its community mobilizers and health workers to include violence prevention messages in coordination with their existing HIV-prevention messaging.
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From page 49... ...
Lina Digolo, the Care and Treatment Manager at LVCT, shared this exciting project with the audience. She explained that, like the SHARE program, LVCT is attempting to use existing community settings such as HTC sites as potential IPV screening locations.
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From page 50... ...
The connections between forms of violence across the lifespan and how experiencing violence as a child increases the likelihood of experiencing or perpetrating other forms of violence -- including IPV -- in later life is a complex relationship that one workshop speaker, Nduku Kilonzo of the Kenya National AIDS Control Council, described as a vicious cycle. Multiple speakers noted that finding ways to link intervention efforts that address multiple forms of violence across subpopulations and age groups may be one way to help end that cycle.
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From page 51... ...
is a community-mobilization-based intervention that seeks to address and change the social norms within a community that perpetuate violence against women and cause an increased risk of HIV. Workshop speaker Tina Musuya, the Executive Director of the Center for Domestic Violence Prevention in Uganda, provided the introduction and background for the SASA!
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From page 52... ...
This allowed for individuals within the community, and particularly men, to more actively engage in the dialogue and change processes due to increased understanding of the gender inequality and surrounding issues of violence against women. The awareness phase also creates a platform for these discussions through the use of a myriad of informal community activities.
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Evaluation To test the efficacy of their program, Raising Voices and CEDOVIP in Uganda reached out to the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine to perform an evaluation. Watts shared their findings (Abramsky et al., 2014)
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Watts shared that for most of the outcomes around attitudes, there was not a significant difference between those community members who had direct versus indirect exposure to SASA! , which is supportive of the social diffusion model upon which SASA!
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From page 55... ...
2015. Effectiveness of an integrated intimate partner violence and HIV prevention intervention in Rakai, Uganda: Analysis of an intervention in an existing cluster randomised cohort.
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