Brazil-U.S. Workshop on Strengthening the Culture of Nuclear Safety and Security Summary of a Workshop (2015) / Chapter Skim
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IV Training and Education for Safety and Security Culture
IV Training and Education for Safety and Security Culture
Pages 43-52
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From page 43... ...
Universities are by their nature open environments, whereas security requires a potentially incompatible level of secrecy.
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From page 44... ...
MIT also offers the International Nuclear Leadership Education Program, designed for participants in countries recently involved in nuclear energy, with most students coming from developing countries in the Middle East, Africa, and South Asia that are starting nuclear programs. It is not unusual for a country interested in developing a nuclear energy program to designate a university physics professor to make the nuclear power program work.
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From page 45... ...
The course also distributes useful teaching documents like the INPO Pocket Guide, "Traits of a Healthy Nuclear Safety Culture." 1 Finally, the course creates a number of active role-playing case studies that detail real accidents that occurred in the United States and elsewhere. To encourage spontaneous thought processes, many scenarios detail historic and somewhat obscure incidents so that the participants do not already know the outcome.
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From page 46... ...
The risk assessment tools actually helped owners and operators run plants more cost effectively because they helped highlight what was important in terms of system reliability and availability. Operators also found that regulations in some areas placed undue burden on them, and they were able to make arguments using risk assessments for relief of some of these regulatory burdens.
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From page 47... ...
While this workshop has extolled safety culture and security culture as wholly positive, in Dr. Bari's personal interactions across the nuclear enterprise over many years, he has not encountered a strong safety or security culture in the design of nuclear power plant systems.
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From page 48... ...
Beyond Procedures: Safety and Security Culture as a Preparation for the Unexpected – Filomena Ricco, DCTA/UNIFA – Air Force University Dr. Ricco contributed a new perspective geared towards improving behavior and using safety and security culture in preparation for the unexpected.
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From page 49... ...
This cognitive control is desired when a nuclear professional encounters an unexpected experience. An environment's organizational culture (artifacts, adopted values, and assumed values, using Edgar Schein's terminology)
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Employees expressing their concerns represents good communication and an important element of overall security culture. A participant stated his belief that the greatest threat and the greatest difficulty in implementing an effective safety culture is the culture of guilt and blame in our society.
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From page 51... ...
If a team's primary leader has deep technical and organizational knowledge, but on a personal level has seemingly less cognitive control during unexpected stressful situations, a secondary leader with greater personal capacity to take adequate actions during such situations can be designated to assume temporary control if an emergency occurs. A participant commented that in his work with utilities protecting critical energy infrastructure, the safety culture is strong due to the hazardous nature of the industry, but a security culture is absent.
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