Currently Skimming:
7 Issues in Program Development, Implementation, and Sustainability
7 Issues in Program Development, Implementation, and Sustainability
Pages 61-70
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From page 61... ...
. STRENGTHENING PLATFORMS FROM THE GROUND UP IN THE SOUTHEAST ASIA AND PACIFIC REGION The targets established as part of the Millennium Development Goals and the Education for All movement have led to major advances in early childhood care and education in the Southeast Asia and Pacific region, 61
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From page 62... ...
Increased investments in young children's development have decreased infant and maternal mortality and boosted preprimary enrollments in the Southeast Asia and Pacific region. The prevalence of malnutrition and stunting also has dropped.
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From page 63... ...
In the Philippines, the child care workers cannot visit the communities very regularly, so children do not receive a high dose of the intervention. Pearson referred to the proposed Sustainable Development Goal: "All girls and boys to have access to at least 1 year of a high-quality preschool program." She argued that to ensure the "universality and adaptability" outlined in The Road to Dignity in shaping and determining post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals for early childhood care and education, "what we mean by high quality needs to be very carefully defined." Pearson has done a thematic analysis of documents presented at a recent childhood policy forum, and many of the issues she identified were also prominent topics of the workshop.
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From page 64... ...
Zhou, who has been studying the integration and adaptation of immigrant children in the United States, described ways to promote immigrant children's educational achievement, using Chinatown and Koreatown in Los Ange les to illustrate the role of the community. Both Chinatown and Koreatown are populated disproportionately by racial and ethnic minorities (see Figure 7-1)
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From page 65... ...
To look good on your application, you have to be provided with opportunities to do things beyond books." The private educational services available in the neighborhood depend partly on the demand from the immigrant community, but Zhou argued that supply also can stimulate demand. For example, if bridges could be built between the Asian and Latino communities in neighborhoods, Latino families could tap into Asian community resources and supplemental education services owned and run by Asians.
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From page 66... ...
. The South African government, since the end of apartheid, has recognized the importance of such programs and has consequently developed an integrated early childhood development policy combined with increased funding of these services through earmarked subsidies, observed epidemiologist Najma Shaikh and public health doctor Ashraf Grimwood of Kheth'Impilo (National Planning Commission, 2011)
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From page 67... ...
Furthermore, early childhood development services are of low standards or are absent in the poorest and remote communities in South Africa. National funding for early childhood development is channeled through the provincial governments, and because the funding is not ring-fenced by the Department of Social Development the provincial or district departments are not obligated to channel the funding for these services but often allocate the funds to other statutory requirements, such as domestic violence or child safety, Shaikh observed.
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From page 68... ...
Home Affairs • Birth Certificates, ID Docum Certificates Document ME & R and South African Police Technical Support Unit • Reporting Violence and Affid Affidavits Evaluation Monitoring Program Management FIGURE 7-2 The community-based model used by Kheth'Impilo is built around pods in which a social auxiliary worker (SAW) interacts with social workers and social services.
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From page 69... ...
One was to bring multiple sector services of government on site over 2 days in the form of "roving jamborees." Community members could receive health screenings and tests, immunizations, registration documents, emergency poverty relief, and other social welfare services in one place. One adaptation of the program to the local context was using indigenous child-rearing practices to inform the program design.
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From page 70... ...
In the short term, home-based services can be supported through such mechanisms as ring-fenced conditional grants, in which governmental funds are specified for a specific purpose. But in the long term, all layers of government are needed to deliver early childhood development services cooperatively within a mandatory framework and set of guidelines, Shaikh and Grimwood observed.
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