Indo-U.S. Workshop on Challenges of Emerging Infections and Global Health Safety Summary of a Workshop (2016) / Chapter Skim
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3 Human and Animal Health: The Way Ahead
3 Human and Animal Health: The Way Ahead
Pages 63-76
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From page 63... ...
Swayne's presentation outlined some vital containment situations that he and his colleagues had to face and challenges they had in discussing these issues with other institutions that work with laboratory 1 Swayne thanked his staff who worked on this project: Andrew Clark who was with U.S. Department of Agriculture/Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service in Egypt at the time; Terry Tumpey at the U.S.
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From page 64... ...
As a result, the lab is now designated as a BSL-3 enhanced lab, which means researchers were required to change some of the practices that had been conducted in open rooms. Flexible film isolators, which also have HEPA filters, were installed.
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From page 65... ...
The first experiment was conducted in a room with a concrete floor, concrete walls, and a concrete ceiling. There was directional air flow, HEPA filter intake and exhaust from the room, a shower outside of the room and outside of the building.
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From page 66... ...
They then measured for virus and recovered virus from the air and the farther away they were from the source of the slaughter, the less virus was detected, which would indicate that respiratory droplets are definitely involved in detecting virus. They also put naive chickens in the same air space while they conducted the slaughter process.
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From page 67... ...
Using this method, they switched from a negative air ionizing sample to a large impinging sample, and found that there was a reduced number of samples from which virus was recovered following the chicken slaughter and the titers are lower in each of these cases. In the end, they demonstrated proof of principle: if that one step -- slaughter -- was done in a bag, the amount of virus was reduced greatly.
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From page 68... ...
They also switched to using the Cyclone sampler because they could collect three different particle sizes by dividing aerosols and respiratory droplets in the sampler. The results using the standard open-barrel method versus the halal pot or bucket and pouring scalding water into the covered receptacle then sliding the lid off demonstrated that they could reduce the size of the larger, respiratory droplets or even reduce the airborne virus below detection levels.
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From page 69... ...
Swayne and his group prefer to use the large HEPA filter ventilated flexible film enclosures for inoculations, swabbings and necropsies, and other bird procedures such as slaughters. Discussion The discussion following Swayne's presentation focused on specifics of his experiments, religious considerations for the slaughter step, and educating the public.
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From page 70... ...
Another special feature is that the majority of the structural engineering components and equipment are of indigenous origin. This has saved a great deal of money, Dubey said, and the overall annual maintenance cost of this lab is less than ten percent of the installation cost.
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From page 71... ...
Over this time, a few diseases were stopped at the entry point itself, including avian influenza, H7N7, malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) , and exotic strains of bovine viral diarrhea (BVD)
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From page 72... ...
Before 2010, CCHF was considered nonexistent in India, but the lab positively identified it in tick samples from Gujarat after a CCHF outbreak in humans between 2010 and 2012. In addition, antibodies of West Nile fever have been detected in ducks in northeast India, and MCF has also been detected in a few places.
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From page 73... ...
. One side of the facility will contain the laboratory, and the other side will contain the animal wing.
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From page 74... ...
The NIHSAD website clearly details ICAR guidance regarding the type and size of individual disease samples that can be sent, how they should be packed, and how they should be transported. Gaining Acceptance from the Local Community Franz asked about community concerns regarding the building of the lab.
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From page 75... ...
Human and Animal Health: The Way Ahead 75 the Uttar Pradesh politician was also a member of parliament from his district and remained accessible for the entire 8 to 10 years during which the lab was built. He was a problem solver and other politicians were equally responsive to HSADL requirements.
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