Skip to main content

Currently Skimming:

Appendix B: Glossary
Pages 357-366

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 357...
... on observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake of groups of apparently healthy people that are assumed to be adequate; used when an Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) cannot be determined Anemia Condition that occurs when the body does not have enough red blood cells or when the red blood cells do not function properly Arachidonic acid A polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid found in animal fats that is essential in human nutrition 357
From page 358...
... card authorize transfer of his or her government benefits from a federal account to a retailer account to pay for products received Estimated Average A nutrient intake value that is estimated to meet Requirement the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a (EAR) population Estimated Energy The average dietary energy intake that is predicted Requirement to maintain energy balance in a healthy adult of (EER)
From page 359...
... Final Rule 7 C.F.R. § 246 in the Federal Register updated on March 4, 2014, to reflect revisions to the WIC food packages proposed in the 2006 IOM report WIC Food Packages: Time for a Change Food allergy An adverse health effect arising from a specific immune response that occurs reproducibly on exposure to a given food Food composition Calorie and nutrient content of foods data Food insecurity Limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or limited or uncertain ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways Food security The World Food Summit of 1996 defined food security as existing "when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life" Full-redemption All foods prescribed in WIC package were purchased in the quantities available using monthly benefits
From page 360...
... , drops, and syrups (vitamins, minerals, and medicines) Functional Nutrient or nonnutrient component added to ingredient foods that may provide a health benefit beyond basic nutrition and is considered safe at estimated national levels of consumption Gestational Type of diabetes that is first seen in a pregnant diabetes woman who did not have diabetes before she was pregnant Gestational weight Amount of weight gained during pregnancy gain Gluten Proteins found in wheat, rye, barley, and triticale Glycemic index A ranking of carbohydrates on a scale from 0 to 100 according to the extent to which they raise blood sugar levels after eating Halal When used in relation to food products, Halal refers to any foods that are allowed to be eaten according to Islamic Sharia law.
From page 361...
... to estimate the distributions of usual intake of nutrients, foods consumed almost daily, and other dietary components Kosher When used in relation to food products, "Kosher" means that the item in question meets the dietary requirements of Jewish law. Restrictions include those pertaining to types of animals that can be eaten, the process by which they are slaughtered, and the separation of meat and milk Lactose intolerance An inability to digest lactose, which causes symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, and gas after eating or drinking milk or milk products Loving Support The U.S.
From page 362...
... diagnostic criteria for celiac disease nor those for wheat allergy Nonredemption No foods prescribed in WIC package were purchased using monthly benefits Nutrient-Based An index developed for this report to measure of the Diet Quality adequacy of nutrient intake and diet quality in the (NBDQ) Index WIC population based on the mean probability of adequacy for the nine shortfall nutrients, calculated for each individual, as compared to Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)
From page 363...
... of pregnancy Pregnancy-induced A pregnancy complication characterized by high hypertension blood pressure, swelling due to fluid retention, and protein in the urine Probiotics Live microorganisms that help change or repopulate intestinal bacteria to balance gut flora. This functional component may boost immunity and overall health, especially gastrointestinal health.
From page 364...
... recommendations Split tender Participants may pay the difference out of pocket if their fruit and vegetable purchase exceeds the amount on the cash value voucher State agency State agencies administering the WIC program Statistical Program Statistical method for estimating usual dietary intake for Age-adjusted distributions Dietary Assessment (SPADE) Supplemental food "Those foods containing nutrients determined by nutritional research to be lacking in the diets of pregnant, breastfeeding, and postpartum women, infants, and children, and foods that promote the health of the population served by the WIC Program as indicated by relevant nutrition science, public health concerns, and cultural eating patterns, as prescribed by the Secretary" (Public Law 95-627, § 17)
From page 365...
... that identifies both the product and the vendor that sells the product USDA food pattern Food patterns grouped by kilocalorie levels developed by the USDA to help individuals carry out Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommendations


This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More information on Chapter Skim is available.