Spills of Diluted Bitumen from Pipelines A Comparative Study of Environmental Fate, Effects, and Response (2016) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A: Glossary
Appendix A: Glossary
Pages 135-138
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From page 135... ...
Results from chronic toxicity tests are reported as the toxicant concentration that causes a given effect. Commonly transported crude oils -- The oils carried by most transmission pipelines in the United States.
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From page 136... ...
Low molecular weight petroleum compounds -- Compounds with a molecular weight lower than about 250 Daltons; typically these compounds are liquids at ambient temperatures. Medium crude oil -- A naturally occurring, unrefined petroleum product with a density ranging from 0.85 to 0.92 g/cm3 or an API gravity ranging from 36 to 21.
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From page 137... ...
It is distinct from smaller, shorter pipelines used to collect oil from individual wells or to distribute to points of consumption. Unconventional oil -- Oil that is produced by unconventional means, including thermal separation of non-liquid bitumen from a host rock and hydraulic fracturing of impermeable reservoirs or source rocks.
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