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Pages 1-14

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From page 1...
... In addition, while child poverty has increased in recent years, there have been increases in funding for programs and services for families, such as early childhood education, home visiting, and income support programs, which have implications for the development of a framework for better supporting parents of young children. In addition, the demographic characteristics of the U.S.
From page 2...
... The committee's major tasks were to identify parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. Based on this assessment, the committee was asked to make recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice.
From page 3...
... However, the available evidence points to a need for taking parents' attitudes and beliefs into consideration in the design and implementation of programs and services to ensure that they are sensitive to parents' needs and to extend their reach. The committee identified a number of parenting practices associated with positive child outcomes in the areas of physical health and safety, emotional and behavioral competence, social competence, and cognitive competence: • contingent responsiveness ("serve and return")
From page 4...
... and parents facing adversities, such as mental illness, substance abuse, and intimate partner violence. Federal efforts also support parents through income assistance, nutrition assistance (e.g., the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children [WIC]
From page 5...
... Supports for scaling efforts developed through this research might include cost tools, measurement toolkits, and imple mentation guidelines. Enhancing Workforce Competence in Delivering Evidence-Based Parenting Interventions A professional workforce with knowledge about and competencies for implementing evidence-based interventions to support parents is essential to the successful scale-up of effective approaches.
From page 6...
... Parent engagement is a process that can be facilitated by provider skills in communication and joint decision making with diverse families about their children's education, but programs designed to prepare individuals to work with young children do not always include evidence-informed strategies for creating successful partnerships with families. Despite growing recognition that partnerships with families contribute to the success of early childhood programs and schools in preparing children for academic success, as well as an emphasis on family engagement in statutes and policies, programs designed to prepare teachers and providers often do not include professional development related to working with parents.
From page 7...
... Accordingly, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act requires that school districts develop and implement parent engagement policies designed to bolster student outcomes. Yet despite the availability of evidence-based approaches for increasing parent engagement in children's learning and thereby improving child development outcomes, limited official guidance is available on how to do so.
From page 8...
... Nonetheless, the committee found a number of elements to be successful across a wide range of programs and services for parents: • viewing parents as equal partners in determining the types of ser vices that would most benefit them and their children; • tailoring interventions to meet the specific needs of families; • integrating and collaborating in services for families with multiple service needs; • creating opportunities for parents to receive support from peers to encourage engagement, reduce stigma, and increase the sense of connection to other parents with similar circumstances; • addressing trauma, which affects a high percentage of individuals in some communities and can interfere with parenting and healthy child development; • making programs culturally relevant to improve their effectiveness and participation across diverse families; and • enhancing efforts to involve fathers, who are underrepresented in parenting research. On the effectiveness of monetary incentives in improving parents' participation and retention in programs and services, the committee found mixed results.
From page 9...
... Although simply knowing about parenting practices that promote healthy child development or the benefits of a particular parenting practice does not necessarily translate into the use of such practices, awareness is foundational for behavior that supports children. When designed and executed carefully in accordance with rigorous scientific evidence, public health campaigns are a potentially effective low-cost way to reach large and heterogeneous groups of parents.
From page 10...
... the parenting component was found to have no impact. Examples of parenting interventions that fall into one or both of these categories are enhanced anticipatory guidance, which can be provided as part of well-child care; parenting interventions delivered in conjunction with treatment for parents who have mental illness or substance abuse or are experiencing interpersonal violence; parenting interventions delivered using new information and communication technologies; and parenting components in Head Start, Early Head Start, and WIC.
From page 11...
... Program could serve as a model for future research and practice aimed at improving programs designed to support parents and parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive child outcomes. MIECHV began with a systematic review of the evidence, followed by a state competition for funding that required the use of a consistent small set of performance measures, rigorous local evaluation, and participation in a national evaluation.
From page 12...
... Department of Education, in coordination with pri vate philanthropies, should fund research aimed at evaluating existing interventions that have shown promise and designing and evaluating new interventions for parents with special needs. The design of new interventions should be informed by elements of successful programs, which include treating parents as equal partners, tailoring interventions to meet families' needs, making programs culturally relevant, ensuring service integration and collaboration for families with multiple needs, providing opportunities for peer support, addressing trauma, and tar geting both mothers and fathers.
From page 13...
... Department of Education and other relevant federal agencies, private philanthropies and foundations, researchers, and research associations focused on children and families, should increase support for studies that can inform the development and improvement of parenting interventions focused on building par ents' capacity to parent both individually and together. Such studies should be designed to identify strategies that can improve fathers' knowledge and use of parenting practices associated with positive child outcomes, and should examine the unique and combined effects of individual and co-parenting practices, with special attention to build ing strong relationships between parents and within diverse parenting relationships.
From page 14...
... As noted above, although research suggests that some parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices vary across groups, little is known about whether and how these differences matter for children's development. Moreover, relatively little is known about how engagement with, acceptance of, retention in, and the efficacy of interventions for parents vary across culturally and linguistically diverse subgroups.


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