Developing Multi-State Institutions to Implement Intercity Passenger Rail Programs (2016) / Chapter Skim
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1 1.1 Background The evolution of the U.S. intercity passenger rail industry reflects the political mandates, economic market forces, and technology advancements that influence where and how such service is provided.
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2 Developing Multi-State Institutions to Implement Intercity Passenger Rail Programs One of the basic tenets of the effective implementation of any new initiative is having the institutional capability to initiate, manage, and nurture the proposed changes. "Institutional" in this sense means more than just a focus on organizations; it also includes procedures, financial arrangements, legal and regulatory requirements, and other components of any relationship among different organizations.
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Introduction 3 1.1.2 Reconciling Distinct State-Specific Regulatory/ Legal Requirements The nature of state governments and the constitutional and legal constraints under which they operate provide significant challenges. Some of these challenges include the following: • Constitutional and other legal restrictions on the use of revenues for certain types of investments or for projects outside state boundaries; • Political pressure about disproportionate burdens placed on the state's financial support compared to what other states are paying; • Significant restrictions on the assumption of liability for services and operations provided by others; • By themselves, states not having a market presence to negotiate appealing service arrangements with service providers; and • Increasingly in recent years, serious constraints in the level of funding that can be allocated for most types of transportation investments.
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4 Developing Multi-State Institutions to Implement Intercity Passenger Rail Programs benefits of those investments may accrue to multiple states along the corridor. Additionally, a "pass-through" state between major origin and destination cities with few or no intermediate stops may have limited incentive to plan for or invest in that corridor.
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Introduction 5 • Evaluating and sharing costs, benefits, and risks among multi-state institution participants; • A framework for setting project priorities; • Overall management responsibility for corridor operations and services and for facilitating project delivery; • Enabling seamless connections to other modes; and • Identifying and resolving jurisdictional overlaps among multi-state institutions and other affected entities. 1.3 Research Approach The research approach for this project was divided into three phases (see Figure 1)
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6 Developing Multi-State Institutions to Implement Intercity Passenger Rail Programs 1.4 Case Study Methodology Case studies were the major means of collecting information on the different types of institutional relationships involved in efforts to deliver intercity passenger transportation and the advantages and disadvantages of each. The case study approach relied on two major sources, document reviews and interviews: • For document reviews, the project team compiled and reviewed documentation of the various projects.
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Introduction 7 1.5 Report Organization The report is organized into six chapters. The next chapter describes the research approach followed in this project, as well as a description of the state of the practice.
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