Understanding Airport Air Quality and Public Health Studies Related to Airports (2015) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 28-40
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28 C H A P T E R 5 This chapter provides the current state of research related to potential health impacts from airport pollutant emissions. It has been organized to respond to the following basic, key questions: • What pollutants are of most concern at an airport?
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Current Understanding of Airport Air Quality Health Impacts 29 where the geography and meteorological patterns are such that most of the emitted pollutants tend to move away from populated areas, the risks associated with that airport may be less than with an airport with lower levels of emissions but with dispersion and atmospheric chemistry conditions that are conducive to exposing larger portions of the public. As a result, it can be very difficult to determine risks in a general sense across all airports (or even a group of airports)
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30 Understanding Airport Air Quality and Public Health Studies Related to Airports emitted from airport sources (Levy 2008)
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Current Understanding of Airport Air Quality Health Impacts 31 Source: Levy et al. 2008 Table 5-3.
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32 Understanding Airport Air Quality and Public Health Studies Related to Airports The pollutants selected for this project represent those that have the greatest risks based on airport emission levels and toxicity. Another study conducted under the PARTNER Program (Project 15)
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Current Understanding of Airport Air Quality Health Impacts 33 5.1.2 Summaries and Conclusions Studies such as these illustrate the need to conduct further research on more pollutants and other airports, but they indicate that, with regard to the potential for health impacts (risk) , fine particulate matter appears to pose the greatest risk.
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34 Understanding Airport Air Quality and Public Health Studies Related to Airports in the references was reviewed, and the following abridged summaries of selected references provide an indication of the wide range of different types of studies and results available for consideration for further details: • ACRP Report 71: Guidance for Quantifying the Contribution of Airport Emissions to Local Air Quality (Kim et al.
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Current Understanding of Airport Air Quality Health Impacts 35 • Current and Future Particulate-Matter-Related Mortality Risks in the United States from Aviation Emissions during Landing and Takeoff (Levy 2012)
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36 Understanding Airport Air Quality and Public Health Studies Related to Airports • Measurements were conducted at Dulles International Airport (IAD) on the airside adjacent to an apron area (Kim et al.
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Current Understanding of Airport Air Quality Health Impacts 37 4.4 times greater than the levels found at a background site (near a major roadway)
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38 Understanding Airport Air Quality and Public Health Studies Related to Airports – Acetaldehyde and acetone were 2.5–3 times higher than the cancer risk benchmark. – Black carbon concentrations in communities were higher in areas near roadways.
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Current Understanding of Airport Air Quality Health Impacts 39 5.2.2 Summaries and Conclusions In summary, it should be noted that all pollutants emitted from airports have some level of toxicity with the potential to cause health effects. Again, each airport is different and can have significantly different emissions, weather patterns, geography, etc., from each other, resulting in different air quality contributions.
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40 Understanding Airport Air Quality and Public Health Studies Related to Airports Modeling studies suggest that some of the PM (secondary PM) may form much farther downstream (many miles)
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