Guidebook on Alternative Quality Management Systems for Highway Construction (2015) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 10-21
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From page 10... ...
10 Quality Assurance Organizations 3.1 Introduction Highway QAOs have been evolving since the 1960s. They have moved from a recipe of prescriptive quality specifications to developments in materials inspections and testing, to implementation of statistical process control, and ultimately toward performance-based quality management (Hughes 2005, Transportation Research Board 1979, Smith 1998)
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11 designer, concessionaire, or design builder is responsible for a project quality role. Items appearing above a dotted line are the responsibility of the agency.
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12 with the ability to build quality into the final product beginning at the design stage instead of inspecting it at a later stage (Desai and Mital 2009)
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13 construction acceptance. The agency can use third-party consultants to perform any of their roles, but the agency is ultimately responsible for ensuring these roles are successfully completed on the project.
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14 Designer's Responsibility Owner's Responsibility Constructor's Responsibility Owner's Responsibility Project Acceptance Construction Acceptance Design Acceptance Design Quality Control Construction Quality Control Design Released for Construction Construction Released for Final Payment Independent Assurance (if req'd) - functional audit -physical audit Quality Assurance Independent Assurance (if req'd)
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15 struction acceptance, and the designer would be responsible for design acceptance. 3.4.3 Variable QAO The Variable QAO differs from the others because the design and construction approach to quality may take on one of several variations.
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16 Design Quality Control Construction Quality Control Construction Acceptance Design Acceptance Design Builder's Responsibility Figure 11. Variable QAO with single contract variant and design assurance.
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17 while the contractor is responsible for construction QC and acceptance. In the Oversight QAO, the agency no longer has direct control over the day-to-day quality management of the project and is no longer dictating how to produce the quality required by the project scope.
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From page 18... ...
18 agency can conduct project oversight inspection and testing either with in-house staff or with an independent quality firm contracted directly to the agency. To effectively perform the project oversight role in house, the agency should educate its staff on the non-traditional skill set required to be successful.
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19 owner verification testing, which is commonly performed by an independent engineer. The independent engineer is hired jointly by the concessionaire and the agency and performs not only owner verification testing but also independent assurance and any other acceptance activities that are part of the concessionaire's responsibility.
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20 growing acceptance of the utilization of consultants by STAs. The five fundamental QAOs for the highway design and construction industry range from a QAO in which the agency has sole responsibility for all quality functions to a QAO in which the agency is only responsible for final acceptance and meeting federal requirements.
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From page 21... ...
21 4. The QAO decision should be made before the first team member is procured (e.g., request for qualifications [RFQ]
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