Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions (1993) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Pages 138-145
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 138... ...
In many respects these processes are an alternative to incineration: they are broadly applicable to any oxidizable organic compound and could be used to treat chemical warfare agents, propellants, and explosives (solid materials would require comminution and would be fed as a slurry)
|
From page 139... ...
Experience is limited to reactor temperatures of less than 350°C (660°F) with the organic content of the feed usually less than 5 percent, generally ~ to 2 percent.
|
From page 140... ...
EN mu)
|
From page 141... ...
The rate of oxidation and the weight percent of organic compounds remaining as small, partially oxidized materials (e.g., acetic acid) depends on temperature and pressure.
|
From page 142... ...
In such an arrangement, caustic would certainly be added to react with the strong acids to form, for example, sodium fluoride and sodium phosphate as in the above equation. Addition of caustic beyond that required by the stoichiometry would s The partially oxidized organic compound shown here is the sodium salt of acetic acid.
|
From page 143... ...
If more caustic is needed for corrosion control, the additional caustic would react with CO2 to form sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate, adding greatly (up to threefold) to the solid salts that must be handled in the process but reducing the quantity of waste gas volume.
|
From page 144... ...
Gas leaving a WAO unit is said to be free of most of the objectionable pollutants associated with combustion gases, such as the usual oxides of nitrogens diox~ns, furans, and particulate matter in the gas phase. For a WAO process using air, Apical effluent gas composition is shown in Table 7-2.
|
From page 145... ...
Several steps would be needed for WAO to be used in chemical weapons destruction: Corrosion testing on possible construction materials would be required because of the fluonde, chloride, sulfate, and phosphate ions present in solution. Pilot plant work could be done on related compounds to establish the reaction conditions and the treatment process for the liquid product.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.