A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events (2014) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 114-138
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S E C T I O N 5 Additional Information
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127 A Access and Functional Needs Populations: Populations whose members may have additional needs before, during, and after an incident with regard to functional areas, including but not limited to maintaining independence, communication, transportation, supervision, and medical care. Individuals in need of additional response assistance may include persons with disabilities; persons living in institutional settings; elderly persons; children; persons from diverse cultures; persons with limited English proficiency or who are non-English-speaking; or transportation-disadvantaged persons.
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128 A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events Disaster Planning Cycle: A cycle consisting of phases of activity related to emergency management, including mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Dynamic Message Sign (DMS)
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Glossary 129 F Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) : A part of the DHS, the federal agency charged with building and supporting the nation's emergency management system.
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130 A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events M Major Disaster: "[A] ny natural catastrophe (including any hurricane, tornado, storm, high water, wind driven water, tidal wave, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslide, mudslide, snowstorm, or drought)
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Glossary 131 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) : An international nonprofit organization that is the leading advocate of fire prevention and an authoritative source on public safety.
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132 A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events traffic control plans, protocols, procedures, and technologies needed to control traffic and share real-time information with travelers and other stakeholders on the day of the planned event (U.S.
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Glossary 133 Traffic Management Center (TMC) : The hub of a transportation management system, where information about the transportation network is collected and combined with other operational and control data to manage the transportation network and produce traveler information.
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134 ABAG Association of Bay Area Governments AHC All Hazards Consortium AMPO Association of Metropolitan Planning Organizations AoA Administration on Aging BART Bay Area Rapid Transit District BCLC Business Civic Leadership Center (an affiliate of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce BENS Business Executives for National Security BRT Bus Rapid Transit C/E Controller Evaluator CAEP City Assisted Evacuation Plan CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CERT Community Emergency Response Teams CDL Commercial Driver's License CLRP Constrained Long-range Plan CMS Changeable Message Sign COG Council of Governments COOP Continuity of Operations Plan CPTED Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design DCHSEMA DC Homeland Security Emergency Management Agency DC DOT District of Columbia Department of Transportation DMS Dynamic Message Sign DOT Department of Transportation EEG Exercise Evaluation Guide EM Emergency Management EMA Emergency Management Agency EMAC Emergency Management Assistance Compact EMI Emergency Management Institute EOC Emergency Operations Center ESF Emergency Support Function EXPLAN Exercise Plan FCLRP Financially Constrained Long-Range Plan FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency GIS Geographic Information System GOHSEP Governor's Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness Hazmat Hazardous Materials HGAC Houston–Galveston Area Council HHS Health and Human Services Abbreviations
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Abbreviations 135 HOV High Occupancy Vehicle HSEEP Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program HSPD Homeland Security Presidential Directive IAEM International Association of Emergency Managers ICS Incident Command System IPS Integrated Planning System ITS Intelligent Transportation Systems KOIN Kentucky Outreach and Information Network LA BEOC Louisiana Business Emergency Operations Center LANHA Louisiana Nursing Home Association LEPC Local Emergency Planning Committee LHMP Local Hazard Mitigation Plan LIDAR Laser Imaging Defining Radar LRTP Long-Range Transportation Plan MACOG Missouri Association of Councils of Government MARAD Maritime Administration MATOC Metropolitan Area Transportation Operations Coordination Michigan DOT Michigan Department of Transportation MJ-LHMP Multijurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan MOA Memorandum of Agreement MOU Memorandum of Understanding MPO Metropolitan Planning Organization MSTOP Multi-State Transportation Operation Program MTA Metropolitan Transportation Authority MTC Metropolitan Transportation Commission MWCOG Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments NADO National Association of Development Organizations NARC National Association of Regional Councils NASAAEP National Alliance for State Animal and Agricultural Emergency Programs NCR National Capital Region NDPTC National Disaster Preparedness Training Center NEMA National Emergency Management Association NEMSA National Emergency Medical Services Association NFPA National Fire Protection Association NGO Non-Governmental Organization NIMS National Incident Management System NIPP National Infrastructure Protection Plan NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NPO Nonprofit Organization NRF National Response Framework NTAS National Terrorism Advisory System NYMTC New York Metropolitan Transit Council OEM Office of Emergency Management OES Office of Emergency Services PALMS Private Assets Logistics Management System PDM Pre-Disaster Mitigation PFAC Program, Finance, and Administrative Committee PNWER Pacific Northwest Economic Region PortSTEP Port Security Training and Exercise Program RCCC Regional Consortium Coordinating Council RDD Radiological Dispersion Device
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136 A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events RDR Center for Regional Disaster Resilience RECP Regional Emergency Coordination Plan R.E.S.C.U.M.E. Response, Emergency Staging, Communications, Uniform Management, and Evacuation RITIS Regional Integrated Transportation Information System RPC Regional Planning Commission RPO Rural Planning Organization or Regional Planning Organization RTP Regional Transportation Plan SCOTSEM Special Committee on Transportation Security and Emergency Management SEMA State Emergency Management Agency SITMAN Situation Manual SMCOG Southwest Missouri Council of Governments SOG Standard Operating Guidelines STA State Trucking Associations STIP State Transportation Improvement Program TCC Transportation Coordinating Committee TEEX Texas Engineering Extension Service THIRA Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment TIP Transportation Improvement Program TMC Traffic Management Center TRANSCOM Transportation Operations Coordinating Committee TSSP Transportation Sector Specific Plan UASI Urban Area Security Initiative VIPER Voice Interoperable Program for Emergency Response VMS Variable Message Sign VOAD Volunteer Organizations Active in Disasters WMATA Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority
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137 Manuals and Guides Information about accessing guides is provided in the Reference section. The Big Picture • NCHRP RRD 333/TCRP RRD 90: A Guide to Planning Resources on Transportation and Hazards (2009)
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138 A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events provides an excellent beginning reference for collaboration around this crucial topic in a succinct guide (15 pages plus brief appendices)
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Resources 139 Report 5 discusses climate change adaptation, geologic hazards, scour hazard programs and more, including lessons from Hurricane Irene and Hurricane Sandy. This report can be accessed online at: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/asset/pubs/hif13018.pdf.
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140 A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events • The Role of Business in Disaster Response (2012) , by the Business Civic Leadership Center (associated with the U.S.
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141 American Public Transportation Association. November 30, 2012.
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142 A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events Federal Highway Administration.
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References 143 United States Department of Transportation.
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145 A P P E N D I X A Summary Comparison Between Disaster and Emergency Planning and Significant Event Planning Disaster/Emergency Significant Event Key Differences Presidential Declaration Yes(Under the Stafford Act) Yes for event of national significance; No for other major events that still warrant multijurisdictional coordination Location Not known in advance Known Date/Time Not known in advance Known Size/Scale Not known in advance Approximate size usually known in advance Notice Days to minutes to no notice, depending on type of event Usually months to prepare Impact on Transportation Infrastructure Varies depending on event, damage and impacts can be severe and long-lasting Short-term significant traffic congestion usually present; Planning, communications, and intermodal coordination can mitigate worst effects Recovery Period Usually long-term days or months to years Usually not applicable; Minor or major short-term clean up Lead Agency for Planning and Coordination Usually emergency management Varies depending on event; often event sponsor with support from government and non-government stakeholders Planning Goal Resilience A smooth, successful event (continued on next page)
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146 A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events Disaster/Emergency Significant Event Key Similarities in Requirements for Multijurisdictional Planning Communication Among stakeholders & with public Among stakeholders, with potential attendees and general public Collaboration Among public, private, and nonprofit stakeholders Among event planners and multijurisdictional stakeholders Comprehensive Examine broad range of potential disasters, consequences, and responses Prepare for the expected event, plan for contingencies, the unexpected, "What If" Coordinated Understand national DHS guidance and local participants in the ICS, NIMS, and potential roles Develop a structure and organized plan for action Inclusive Engage diverse advocates or representatives of the whole community in planning, including people with access and functional needs; Disasters hit everyone Engage diverse advocates or representatives of the whole community in planning, including people with access and functional needs; Attendees likely to be diverse Flexible Disasters don't follow scripts Planned events rarely follow prescribed scripts "to the letter" Exercised Exercises (of many different types and scales) help work out potential problems prior to a fullscale disaster "Dry runs" help improve plans; Practicing procedures at a smaller real event helps; A major planned event also can be used to test elements of a disaster plan response Continuous/Iterative Circular nature of emergency planning cycle fosters continuous improvement; Most multijurisdictional transportation planning for disasters and emergencies can benefit from adopting cyclic planning, whether or not a multijurisdictional emergency management framework exists Planning can be continuous (lessons learned from one large event can be applied to a subsequent event)
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147 A P P E N D I X B Emergency Management and Transportation Planning Emergency Management Planning In January 2009, DHS published the Integrated Planning System (IPS) , which established a standardized and national approach to emergency planning.
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148 A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events Mitigation Plan (MJ-LHMP)
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Emergency Management and Transportation Planning 149 Table 3. Similarities in steps among different planning processes.*
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150 A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events Transportation Planning and Operations Processes Di ag ra m Regional Concept for Transportation Operations (RCTO) http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/moguidebook/chap_3.htm Go al s Step 1: Regional vision and goals Step 1: Motivation Step 3: Evaluation and prioritization of strategies An al ys is Step 2: Alternative improvement strategies • Operations • Capital Step 2: Operations objective De ve lo pm en t Step 4: Development of Transportation Plan • Long-range planning (LRP)
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Abbreviations and acronyms used without definitions in TRB publications: A4A Airlines for America AAAE American Association of Airport Executives AASHO American Association of State Highway Officials AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ACI–NA Airports Council International–North America ACRP Airport Cooperative Research Program ADA Americans with Disabilities Act APTA American Public Transportation Association ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ATA American Trucking Associations CTAA Community Transportation Association of America CTBSSP Commercial Truck and Bus Safety Synthesis Program DHS Department of Homeland Security DOE Department of Energy EPA Environmental Protection Agency FAA Federal Aviation Administration FHWA Federal Highway Administration FMCSA Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration FRA Federal Railroad Administration FTA Federal Transit Administration HMCRP Hazardous Materials Cooperative Research Program IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ISTEA Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 ITE Institute of Transportation Engineers MAP-21 Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (2012) NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASAO National Association of State Aviation Officials NCFRP National Cooperative Freight Research Program NCHRP National Cooperative Highway Research Program NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration NTSB National Transportation Safety Board PHMSA Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration RITA Research and Innovative Technology Administration SAE Society of Automotive Engineers SAFETEA-LU Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (2005)
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