Outcomes of Green Initiatives: Large Airport Experience (2014) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 18-48
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18 To understand green initiatives, the survey queried airports about specifics of practices they had implemented. From this, potential case examples were identified that would provide an in-depth look at practices.
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19 offset practice as Air Quality and GHG (greenhouse gas) Emissions; however, the initiative also falls into the energy efficiency category because an improved heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC)
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20 Each case example includes a summary table of drivers, outcomes, and lessons learned. The drivers summarize the reasons for implementing a practice.
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21 FIGURE 13 LEED platinum-certified Port headquarters. The Context The Port of Portland, which operates Portland International Airport (PDX)
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22 Innovative Wastewater Treatment System The building is equipped with an on-site wastewater treatment system that treats 100% of its wastewater, both gray and black water, for non-potable reuse in the building. The system, known as a Living Machine, produces quality recycled water without the chemicals, odor, other negative by-products, or high energy use required by conventional systems.
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23 Materials and Finishes The sustainable design for the headquarters building included low-VOC (volatile organic compound) paints and materials, building products with recycled content, and regionally manufactured materials.
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24 GREEN TRANSPORTATION -- A MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION APPROACH: BOSTON LOGAN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT Drivers • Proximity of Logan to the city of Boston • Potential impact of airportrelated ground transit on surrounding neighbors Outcomes • 75% reduction in shuttle bus fleet, reduced congestion, and decreased emissions with consolidated rental facility • Reduced traffic and emissions in surrounding neighborhoods and additional revenue from the leased on-site Green Bus Depot • Increased employee use of mass transit with discounted transit passes • Reduced air emissions through incentives for alternative fuel vehicles for shuttles and taxicabs Lessons Learned • Capitalize on sustainability practices that can also provide a source of revenue • Use incentives creatively to encourage participation • Combine practices to achieve sustainability goals. The Context The most mature sustainability efforts at Boston Logan International Airport (BOS)
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25 Discounted Mass Transit The airport, in partnership with MassRIDES, a program of the Massachusetts Department of Transportation to promote green transportation options, set up the Logan Airport Transportation Management Association (Logan TMA)
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26 Setting Goals and Targets As part of its many sustainability initiatives, EWR set a goal to minimize the airport's contribution to climate change, air pollution, and depletion of the ozone layer. One associated target is to reduce electrical utility usage (compared to the 2009 baseline)
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27 its operating budget, and savings attributed to reduced energy consumption are being used to repay the project's principle. The airport and the ESCO agreed on a monitoring and verification plan for the verification of guaranteed energy consumption reductions based on the U.S.
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28 A Centralized Approach to Deicing The centralized deicing infrastructure includes seven dedicated deicing pads that cover more than 36 acres at the airport. The pads are used to deice almost all aircraft that use DEN.
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29 lation unit and are further concentrated to 99%+. The fluids then flow through an industrial deionization unit and carbon polishing.
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30 The Context In 2003, as one of Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport's (YUL) , or Aéroports de Montréal's, initial sustainability practices, the airport constructed a new Can$15,000,000 energyefficient power plant.
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31 Scope 2 emissions associated with the electricity airport operations consume. The Scope 1 and 2 emissions inventories identified that more than 40% of the airport's emissions were associated with HVAC.
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32 GREEN TRANSPORTATION -- A PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP RESULTS IN REDUCED GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS: SAN DIEGO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT Drivers • 20-year master plan • Agreement with California's attorney general to address GHG emissions in all future developments • Air quality management plan that included vehicle conversion program for ground transportation landside Outcomes • Close to 50% of taxis that service airport converted to Prius hybrids • Converted cabs reduced fuel and maintenance costs by $12,000 to $15,000 per year • Vehicle conversions saved 618,000 metric tons of carbon emissions per year • Customers have preference for green cabs Lessons Learned • Public-private partnerships can be very successful • Fee-based/tariff approach was not as successful as expected • Airports can have positive community impacts on sustainability that reach beyond their operations. The Context In 2008, San Diego International Airport (SAN)
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33 SAN identified which vehicles were eligible for the program, focusing on decreasing carbon emission, fuel costs, and dependence on imported oil. Mossy Toyota provided an incentive to convert the former low-fuel economy taxicabs to the Prius V, offering financing packages and discounted maintenance plans.
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34 For more information on this program, see http://energycenter.org/programs/san-diego-airportclean-vehicle. For SAN's sustainability report for the period 2011–2012, see http://sustain.san.org.
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35 Another important component is that airport custodial staff is trained and corrects any obvious errors. The separated waste streams are consolidated in on-site dumpsters and compactors that are hauled to a nearby off-site material recovery facility.
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36 Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling Part of the source separation effort at the airport focuses on recycling of construction and demolition waste. The city of San Francisco requires recycling of a minimum of 65% of nonhazardous construction and demolition waste generated at city construction projects.
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37 als, including separation in aircraft cabins, is key. SFO staff recognize there is a need for additional improvement of the off-site separation operations.
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38 waste (17% statewide and 14.5% locally) have reinforced this participation by making it financially attractive to divert organics from the waste stream and the landfill.
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39 potential deterioration of the compliance with the program over time by empowering the custodial staff to provide critical near-time feedback to the concessions. Further Composting Opportunities With a large number of food vendor contracts up for renewal in 2015, the airport has the opportunity to incorporate provisions in the request for proposal that would allow greater composting, including front-of-house composting.
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40 GREEN CONSTRUCTION -- USING LIFE-CYCLE AND LIFE-CYCLE COST ANALYSIS TOOLS TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES: PHOENIX SKY HARBOR AIRPORT Drivers • City policy requiring use of LEED • Need for a comparable standard for horizontal projects • Unique physical environment Outcomes For taxiway construction: • 16% savings in water usage • 39% reduction in particulate emissions • 26% reduction in energy used for material production • $1.5 million reduction in costs Lessons Learned • Green construction practices can result in reduced cost over the life of the asset • Guidance on green construction must be continually updated, and training must be continually provided • Airport management must be informed on the benefits. The Context As a city-owned airport, Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport (PHX)
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41 assessments (LCA) , and life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA)
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42 Lessons Learned PHX identified a number of lessons learned from developing the Green Guide and LCCA Toolkit. PHX emphasized the need for constant training and the need to keep current the Green Guide.
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43 The Context When ATL staff decided to measure and track the airport's sustainability initiatives, existing best practices were considered. ATL staff were looking not only for a reporting scheme to communicate the airport's sustainability achievements, but also were seeking a broader perspective of best practices for tracking and verifying sustainability.
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44 • Rainwater harvesting for irrigation; and • Accomplishments in carbon footprint reduction and energy and water conservation. Commitment to Process The ATL staff's commitment to implementing best practices included a commitment to process and governance, as well as the specific practices that promote sustainability.
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45 The Context In 2003, O'Hare International Airport (ORD) was undertaking a substantial modernization effort, the O'Hare modernization program (OMP)
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46 The total number of green airplanes the project must achieve is not mandated, but the rating system has been influencing and encouraging projects to be more sustainable. All concessionaires must meet the middle tier of sustainability starting in 2014.
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47 Notable Achievements The SAM now integrates sustainability into all aspects of airport construction, operations, and maintenance. It is reviewed annually by the ORD Sustainable Review Panel and is updated, as needed, with newer more comprehensive versions.
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48 that YYZ is integrally tied to the survival and prosperity of the community and region as a whole. One area the airport has leveraged in supporting the community is the expertise in addressing energy efficiency, air emissions, GHG emissions, and stormwater protection it has developed through its green practices.
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