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CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS ON THE WEB 13 Access to International Transportation Research Information Summary of a Conference Katherine F Turnbull, Rapporteur Texas A&M Transportation Institute Texas A&M University System September 12–13, 2012 National Academy of Sciences Building Washington, D.C.
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Conference Proceedings on the Web 13 Transportation Research Board publications are available by ordering individual publications directly from the TRB Business Office, through the Internet at www.TRB.org or national-academies.org/trb, or by annual subscription through organizational or individual affiliation with TRB. Affiliates and library subscribers are eligible for substantial discounts.
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The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. On the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters.
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Contents PREFACE.....................................................................................................................1 WELCOME AND CONFERENCE OVERVIEW.....................................................4 Stephen R Godwin and Brian L
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Library Perspective: Evolving Roles to Facilitate Information Sharing........28 Roberto A Sarmiento Corporate Perspective: Barriers to and Incentives for Information Sharing....32 Anne Caputo Current Best Practices in Information Sharing: A Publisher's Perspective...33 Bill Nara CURRENT PRACTICES FOR INFORMATION SHARING, PART 2: INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES.....................................................................37 Birgitta Sandstedt, Andrew J
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Working Session 1 STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION SHARING...............................................58 Gina Baas (facilitator, presiding) , Roberto A
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Closing Session CONFERENCE WRAP-UP.......................................................................................70 Jennifer Rosales and Brian L Ray (presiding)
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1Preface Serving as a national clearinghouse for transportation information has been a central focus of the Transportation Research Board (TRB) since its inception as the National Advisory Board on Highway Research in 1920.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 2 of discussions at the conference. Responsibility for the published conference summary rests with the rapporteur and the institution.
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PREFaCE charge. Reviewer comments and the draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.
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4Welcome and Conference Overview Stephen R Godwin, Transportation Research Board Brian L
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WElCOmE aND CONFERENCE OvERvIEW 5 • In today's world, knowledge cannot be allowed to languish for decades, especially in the field of transportation, which is so central to people's daily lives and the wealth of nations. Every country wants to improve its transportation system and to do so with fewer public resources.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 6 • The conference sessions will include speakers and interactive discussions. The first session will highlight the benefits of improving access to international transportation information.
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7Improving Access to International Transportation Research Information What Are the Benefits? Gordon Vala-Webb, CIKstrategy Barbara Post, Transportation Research Board (retired)
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 8 • Some trends, which might be referred to as known known diseases, are important to remember. First, libraritis can be defined as people who like to add information to their collections without doing anything with it.
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ImPROvING aCCESS TO INTERNaTIONal TRaNSPORTaTION RESEaRCH INFORmaTION 9 FIGURE 2 Moving toward participation in the decision-making process. Routine work conducted by an individual tends to be transactional, whereas routine work that involves connecting with other people requires more coordination.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 10 • Networked work requires a fundamental shift in thinking about organization and knowledge management. It requires shifts in focus (a)
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11 • Several events over the past 10 years have emphasized the need for increased accessibility to transportation information. In 2005, TRB changed the operating system for the TRIS database to a web-based SQL database to allow the importation and exportation of records in standardized formats.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 12 transportation research community, (b) locating international databases and electronic information resources of transportation research that could augment TRID and developing a better understanding of the methods and practices of information sharing internationally, and (c)
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13 • The Seventh Framework Programme is divided into several programs, each of which covers specific activities and has a separate budget. For instance, the People Programme focuses on human potential and encourages the initial training of researchers, life-long training, and career development.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 14 scope and research activities. They also may contain other information, including press releases, event calendars, and links to related initiatives.
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15 FIGURE 3 Transport Research and Innovation Portal (TRIP)
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 16 These elements provide a new beginning for the project, moving away from the previous old-fashioned look. User-friendliness also has been improved, most notably with the search tool.
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17 TRID Past, Present, and Future Lisa Loyo, Transportation Research Board Birgitta Sandstedt, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute Kenneth A Winter, Virginia Department of Transportation Andrew J
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 18 • In the 2000s, TRIS Online became available on the Internet through the U.S. National Transportation Library of the U.S.
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19 areas where research is needed, or practitioners and experts in specific research areas, (d) provides long-term access to records, and (e)
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 20 SUBMITTING CONTENT TO TRID, THE TRIS AND ITRD DATABASE: VTI's EXPERIENCE Birgitta Sandstedt Birgitta Sandstedt discussed the Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI)
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21 to convert records from the Swedish library catalog to the TRID database in XML format. The ideal method is to submit the relevant Swedish records to the TRID database by exporting a file from the library catalog database without having to add anything or change the stored information.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 22 and the link between the library and the TRID database. He demonstrated the many online tools available to users.
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23 • The library collection includes 46,000 items that are physically located in the library and 765,000 full-text items accessed via eight databases. Virginia DOT Research Library offers three general categories of services.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 24 fulfillment options. The second component is the user interface, which is the look and feel of the database, options for expanding or limiting searches, available features, ability to personalize requests, and ease of use.
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25 RSB was completed after the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers halted a Virginia DOT construction project that involved milling and recycling asphalt, building a new bridge approach, and laying down a new roadway.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 26 FIGURE 4 Example research synthesis bibliographies recently completed at the Virginia DOT Research Library. increased innovation.
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27 of results delivery are unlimited, and the service works with any RSS feed. It unifies feeds from multiple sources into a single daily alert.
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28 Current Practices for Information Sharing, Part 1 U.S. Perspectives Roberto A
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29 • The NUTL collection includes all modes of transportation: roads, rail, aviation, maritime, and pipelines. Records are collected in all languages, but English is the primary language.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 30 and others. NUTL has continued to expand its coverage and sharing of information by including its EIS and other collections.
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31 • Looking to the future, some other issues place the TLIB partnership at risk. For the most part, TLIB does not provide the full-text records that users want and must be provided in order to succeed.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 32 CORPORATE PERSPECTIVE: BARRIERS TO AND INCENTIVES FOR INFORMATION SHARING Anne Caputo Anne Caputo discussed the perspective of publishers and aggregators on information sharing. She described what publishers and aggregators look for in a relationship with content providers, why not all past relationships have been successful, what future relationships might look like, and how to create successful relationships.
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33 • Content creators may have numerous goals for distributing their information and partnering with publishers and aggregators. Some goals include reaching a larger, more diverse audience and aligning with complementary content.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 34 is a growing organism. These laws are still valid today; however, in the digital age, substituting "content" for "books" may be appropriate.
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CuRRENT PRaCTICES FOR INFORmaTION SHaRING, PaRT 1 35 archives, which limit access to a few individuals or completely restrict access to all. CLOCKSS and Portico provide insurance to libraries so that if ASCE went out of business, they would retain access to ASCE documents.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 36 holder; the numbers of figures, tables, and references; and the DOI, International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) , electronic ISSN, and CODEN information.
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37 Current Practices for Information Sharing, Part 2 International Perspectives Birgitta Sandstedt, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute Andrew J Meier, ARRB Group, Ltd.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 38 ISO 9001 certified and facilitates access to quality information to support creative, innovative, competitive, and quality research while promoting cooperation. Other centers, research programs, and groups do not need to develop their own databases.
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39 TRANSPORT INFORMATION COORDINATION IN AUSTRALIA: INITIATIVES, LESSONS, AND FUTURE PLANS Andrew J Meier Andrew Meier provided an overview of the ARRB Group, Ltd.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 40 • Some services that NIS provides include ATRI, TARU, the Road Research Register, Making News in Transport, the Road Safety Contacts Register, and the Rail Knowledge Bank. NIS also promotes cooperation and provides linkages for stakeholders.
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41 HERMES: ESTABLISHING A COMPREHENSIVE TRANSPORT RESEARCH INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AND EXCHANGE SYSTEM George Kotsikos George Kotsikos discussed the European Union's HERMES project. He described the different project elements; results to date; and the databases, search filters, and language availability.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 42 • The goal of the comparative studies is to investigate potential synergies in transportation research carried out worldwide by identifying similar projects conducted in the European Union, United States, Australia, and Japan and then to compare and assess their impacts. Four case studies from each of the four transport modes will be selected.
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43 environmental impacts, and energy efficiency. The results indicated considerable differences in the number of research studies on this topic conducted in the different areas.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 44 professionals, service providers, research users, and citizens can benefit from TRIP at local, national, and European Union levels. • The TRIP database includes more than 7,300 projects related to transportation research.
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45 FIGURE 5 One example of how to position TRIP to enhance linkages with other organizations and databases. (ERKC = Energy Research Knowledge Centre; CORDIS = Community Research and Development Service; EC = European Commission; HERMES = Establishing a Comprehensive Transport Research Information Management and Exchange System; ETNA = European Transport National Contact Point Alliance; DG RTD = Directorate-General for Research, Technological Development, and Demonstration; UIC = International Union of Railways.)
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46 Signing of Memorandum of Understanding by ARRB Group, Ltd., and the Transportation Research Board ARRB Group, Ltd., and the Transportation Research Board (TRB) signed of a memorandum of understanding (MOU)
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47 Case Studies in International Transportation Research and Information Youngseong (Harry) Koo, Korea Institute of Construction and Transportation Technology Evaluation and Planning Mohd Rasid Osman, Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research Dave Ramorulane, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Fumio Kurosaki, Institute of Transportation Economics Andrew J
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 48 • Most transportation research in Korea is funded by the government. The goals of transportation research focus on strengthening national economic growth and global competiveness by improving the efficiency of the transportation system; developing innovative transportation policies and technologies; and upgrading the population's quality of life as related to safety, mobility, the environment, and security.
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CaSE STuDIES IN INTERNaTIONal TRaNSPORTaTION RESEaRCH aND INFORmaTION 49 FIGURE 7 Budget stream I: Public research and development (R&D) investment in public institutes, universities, and the private sector by Korean Ministry of Land, Transport, and Maritime Affairs (MLTM)
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 50 FIGURE 8 Budget stream II: Direct investment into public institutions by Korean ministries. • KRRI was established in 1996 and focuses on the railroad system, including vehicles and tracks, railway structures, electric power supplies, rail environments, train controls and communications, vehicle dynamics and propulsion systems, and railway transport and logistics (www.krri.re.kr/krri_2008/index.html)
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51 CaSE STuDIES IN INTERNaTIONal TRaNSPORTaTION RESEaRCH aND INFORmaTION technologies, policy, new technologies, and other topics. • Examples of issues to be addressed related to future cooperation include the compatibility of index and classification standards, the database system, language, and operation.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 52 FIGURE 9 Organizational structure of the Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS)
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53 CaSE STuDIES IN INTERNaTIONal TRaNSPORTaTION RESEaRCH aND INFORmaTION and environment for the transportation sector. Other examples include implementing new driver training curriculum on the basis of learning outcomes, implementing seatbelts in the rear seats of vehicles, educating about road safety in schools, and conducting community-based programs on safety helmets and electric bicycles.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 54 FIGURE 10 Growth in number of road fatalities, population, and number of registered vehicles in Malaysia from 1998 to 2011. • The domestic society for the East Asian Transportation Society (EASTS)
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55 CaSE STuDIES IN INTERNaTIONal TRaNSPORTaTION RESEaRCH aND INFORmaTION • The South African National Roads Agency Limited (SANRAL) was established in 1998 by an act of parliament to maintain and develop South Africa's national road network (www.nra.co.za)
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 56 FIGURE 11 How South Africa's Council for Scientific and Industrial Research produces technical output. • CSIR has conducted research for the South Africa Department of Transport (www.transport.gov.za)
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57 TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH INFORMATION PRACTICES IN JAPAN Fumio Kurosaki Fumio Kurosaki discussed the Japan Institute of Transportation Economics (ITE) , transportation modes in Japan, and the organizations conducting research.
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58 WORKING SESSION 1 Strategies to Enhance International Transportation Information Sharing Gina Baas, University of Minnesota (facilitator, presiding) Roberto A
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WORKING SESSION 1: STRaTEGIES TO ENHaNCE INTERNaTIONal TRaNSPORTaTION INFORmaTION SHaRING 59 different life-cycle work activities, along with who pays and who benefits. This information could be used to identify ways to reduce costs, target funding sources for key activities, and develop revenue-generating strategies.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 60 GROUP 3: TECHNICAL ISSUES Kenneth A Winter, facilitator What are the technical barriers and solutions to enhancing international transportation information sharing and collaboration?
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61 GROUP 4: CULTURAL NORMS Nelda Bravo, facilitator What are the norms in different countries toward sharing information, and what are some strategies to overcome different cultural norms? Group discussion is summarized as follows: • Researchers, organizations, and countries share similar concerns related to trust, vulnerability, and losing identity when they merge their databases with other databases.
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62 WORKING SESSION 2 Collaboration Opportunities for Expansion of the TRID Database Andrew J Meier, ARRB Group, Ltd.
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63 • Sponsor a poster session on the sharing of transportation information internationally at TRB annual meetings. • Provide information to organizations interested in becoming International Transport Research Documentation members.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 64 • Provide an index to full-text documents to enhance discovery. Investigate enhancing the international image of the TRID database by making it look and feel more international; explore the branding theme discussed at the conference.
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65 WHAT ARE GOOD EXAMPLES OF INFORMATION-SHARING COLLABORATION? • Good examples include the Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI)
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66 WORKING SESSION 3 Next Steps Frances D Harrison, Spy Pond Partners (presiding)
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67 • Develop articles and communication pieces targeted at decision makers. Summaries could highlight best practices in international transportation information sharing, benefits realized, and examples of successful programs.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 68 DEVELOPING SKILLS • Identify activities to help develop skills in transportation research information sharing (e.g., training related to sharing information and data)
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69 • Develop and conduct training in the use of this framework. • Craft a research needs statement that examines the collaborative platforms available with mobile technologies, including games.
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70 ClOSING SESSION Conference Wrap-Up Jennifer Rosales, Transportation Research Board Brian L Ray, Kittelson & Associates, Inc.
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71 aPPENDIx a Websites from Speaker Presentations Speakers at the conference mentioned the following websites. AUSTRALIA Road Research Register www.roadresearch.com.au EUROPEAN UNION Transport Research and Innovation Portal (TRIP)
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 72 SOUTH AFRICA Cement and Concrete Institute (CNCI) www.cnci.org.za Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
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73 aPPENDIx B Participants Gina Baas, Center for Transportation Studies, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Denise Bedford, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio Nelda Bravo, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C. Alasdair Cain, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, U.S.
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Access to InternAtIonAl trAnsportAtIon reseArch InformAtIon 74 Brian L Ray, Kittelson & Associates, Inc., Portland, Oregon Glenn E
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TRANSPORTATION REASEARCH BOARD 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 www.TRB.org
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